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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

Veterans Affairs Department

CFR Citation: 19 CFR Parts 4, 103, 113, 122, 123, 178 and 192

RIN ID: RIN 1651-AA49

CBP ID: [CBP Dec. 03-32]

NOTICE: Part II

DOCUMENT ACTION: Final rule.

SUBJECT CATEGORY: Required Advance Electronic Presentation of Cargo Information

DATES: Effective Date: This rule is effective January 5, 2004.

Compliance Dates: The various compliance dates for these regulations are set forth, as applicable, in Sec. Sec. 4.7(b)(5), 122.48a(e), 123.91(e), 123.92(e), and 192.14(e).

DOCUMENT SUMMARY: This document amends the Customs Regulations to provide that the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (CBP) must receive, by way of a CBPapproved electronic data interchange system, information pertaining to cargo before the cargo is either brought into or sent from the United States by any mode of commercial transportation (sea, air, rail or truck). The cargo information required is that which is reasonably necessary to enable highrisk shipments to be identified for purposes of ensuring cargo safety and security and preventing smuggling pursuant to the laws enforced and administered by CBP. These regulations are specifically intended to effectuate the provisions of section 343(a) of the Trade Act of 2002, as amended by the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002.

SUMMARY: Homeland Security Department, Customs and Border Protection Bureau,

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

Background

Section 343(a) of the Trade Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107210, 116 Stat. 933, enacted on August 6, 2002), as amended by section 108 of the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107295, 116 Stat. 2064, enacted on November 25, 2002), required that the Secretary endeavor to promulgate final regulations not later than October 1, 2003, providing for the mandatory collection of electronic cargo information by the Customs Service (now the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (CBP)), either prior to the arrival of the cargo in the United States or its departure from the United States by any mode of commercial transportation (sea, air, rail or truck). Under section 343(a), as amended (codified at 19 U.S.C. 2071 note), the information required must consist of that information about the cargo which is determined to be reasonably necessary to enable CBP to identify high risk shipments so as to ensure cargo safety and security and prevent smuggling pursuant to the laws that are enforced and administered by CBP.

Proposed Rulemaking

Consequently, in accordance with the parameters set forth in section 343(a), as amended, a document was published in the Federal Register (68 FR 43574) on July 23, 2003, proposing to amend the Customs Regulations in order to require the advance electronic transmission of information pertaining to cargo prior to its being brought into, or sent from, the United States by sea, air, rail or truck.

In part, section 343(a), as amended, required that a broad range of parties likely to be affected by the regulations be consulted and their comments be taken into consideration in developing these regulations. For this reason, separate public meetings were held in January 2003 to address specific issues, and to obtain public input, related to the advance electronic presentation of information, respectively, for sea, air, rail or truck cargo. The CBP also received numerous public comments via email. In addition, extensive meetings were held with workgroups of the subcommittee on advance cargo information requirements of the Treasury Advisory Committee on the Commercial Operations of the U.S. Customs Service (COAC). For a detailed discussion of the development of the proposed rule, and the evaluation of the comments received as the result of the consultation process, see 68 FR 4357443592.

Discussion of Comments

A total of 128 commenters responded in timely manner to the July 23, 2003, notice of proposed rulemaking. What follows is a review of, and CBP's response to, the issues and questions that were presented by these commenters concerning the proposed regulations. The CBP also received comments pertaining to the preliminary regulatory impact analysis which was published as an appendix to the proposed rule. Those comments, and the corresponding CBP response, have been addressed separately immediately following this section under the heading, ``Comments on Economic Analysis''. In addition, a summary of the findings contained in the regulatory impact analysis for this rule can be found in the ``REGULATORY ANALYSES'' section of this document. For more detailed information, the complete regulatory impact analysis is available on the following Web site, http://www.cbp.gov General; Issues Affecting Multiple Modes; Issuance of Separate House Bills of Lading

Comment: The requirement that a separate house bill of lading be issued for each shipper/consignee relationship imposed significant costs upon commerce. Carriers would now have to issue multiple bills of lading for each container of consolidated cargo, and they would charge a fee for each additional bill of lading, where the consolidated goods were tendered for shipment by a single freight forwarder and were destined to a single consignee in the United States. It was stated that CBP should modify AMS (the Automated Manifest System) so that it could receive vendor information for consolidated shipments without requiring the entry of entirely separate bills of lading.

CBP Response: The CBP reasonably needs detailed shipper information on the house bill of lading because this information is critical for targeting purposes under section 343(a)(2) of the Trade Act of 2002, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2071 note, section (a)(2)). Thus, where a freight forwarder or other consolidator receives goods from several foreign vendors (shippers) for consolidation and shipment to a single consignee in the United States, listing the freight forwarder or other consolidator, instead of the foreign vendor, as the shipper on the house bill of lading would be at odds with the intent of section 343(a). It is, of course, a business decision as to whether a forwarder or consolidator would choose to charge for any additional bill(s) of lading issued.

However, at the present time, the AMS system generally lacks the capability to process data for multiple shippers/consignees from a single house
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bill of lading. The AMS systems were built with a onetoone relationshipone shipper to one consignee. To alter this would require a complete redesign of the system for all modes of transportation. In addition, it would also force the entire bill of lading to be placed on hold rather than one specific shipment. This is not a programming process that CBP can undertake at this time and, more specifically, detailed communication with the trade community would be required. Confidentiality

Comment: Proposed Sec. 103.31a should be revised to indicate that advance cargo information which contained classified or sensitive unclassified information would be released only in accordance with applicable regulations, statutes, and orders. Also, it was believed that the vessel cargo declaration information required to be reported in advance could be different from the manifest information envisioned in 19 U.S.C. 1431.

CBP Response: Section 103.31a, as proposed pursuant to section 343(a)(3)(G), as amended (19 U.S.C. 2071 note, section (a)(3)(G)), exempts from disclosure advance cargo data for all inbound and outbound air, rail, or truck cargo unless the owner of the information expressly agrees in writing to its release. In addition, as far as vessel cargo data collected under 19 U.S.C. 1431 is concerned, section 1431 already adequately addresses the conditions under which such information may not be disclosed, including where the information is authorized to be kept secret in the interest of national defense, as provided in 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(1); or where disclosure of the information would pose a threat of personal injury or property damage (see 19 U.S.C. 1431(c)(2)(A) & (B)).

Comment: One commenter discussed the matter of public disclosure of outbound cargo information which would be required to be submitted to CBP electronically. It was stated that since cargo information on outbound ocean shipments would rely upon Automated Export System (AES) submissions and not upon vessel cargo manifests, such information should not be subject to the public disclosure provisions of 19 U.S.C. 1431. Another commenter, however, fully supported the release of cargo data from outward vessel cargo manifests pursuant to the disclosure provisions of section 1431.

CBP Response: The underlying cargo manifest statute in question, 19 U.S.C. 1431, applies to both inbound and outbound cargoes. Although manifests are actually comprised of numerous documents, including the Shipper's Export Declaration (SED), the SED document itself is exempt from public disclosure pursuant to 13 U.S.C. 301(g) unless the Secretary of Commerce determines that such exemption would be contrary to the national interest.

Also appearing in existing Customs Regulations (19 CFR 103.31) is a provision making available for copying and publication certain information and data appearing on outward manifests. The scope of that information is described and limited in Sec. 103.31. As in the case of inward vessel cargo manifest information, Sec. 103.31 also provides that certain parties may file certifications with CBP to request confidentiality for outward vessel cargo manifest information (19 CFR 103.31(d)(2)).

Automated Manifest System (AMS)

Comment: The CBP did not provide an updated response to the question of what carriers should do when the Automated Manifest System (AMS) was not functioning.

CBP Response: The CBP currently has procedures in place for the processing of cargo when automated systems have experienced a level of failure. The CBP offices routinely accept voluntary submissions of paper documents during this time from trade members looking for immediate release. The CBP's automated systems are designed to queue transmissions sent from the trade during downtime, and the system automatically begins to issue status and release messages when service is restored.

For the purposes of the 24Hour rule, the trade has been instructed to present paper manifests to CBP in either the appropriate Container Security Initiative (CSI) port of departure, or at the Domestic port of arrival in order to allow for advance targeting. The CBP anticipates instructing the trade the same for the purposes of section 343(a) of the Trade Act of 2002. It will admittedly be difficult and not all submissions will be made promptly. The CBP will then use informed, considered judgement in the issuance of penalties, the mitigation of penalties and other possible action against particular shipments.

If downtime is identified as severe and anticipated to last a significant period, the trade is notified and instructed to present papers entries, inbond transportation documents and other release paperwork to the CBP offices. Carriers are instructed to present paper manifests for their arriving conveyances. As CBP manually processes the release and other paperwork, determining risk and satisfaction of all requirements to the best of the inspector's ability, copies of those documents are presented to the carriers to gain release of the cargo, or to demonstrate authorization for it to move inbond or within the port.

When the automated system resumes service, CBP policy is to enter the information about paper processing into the system to generate corresponding electronic release messages and to also ensure that historical records are updated, and the clocks for duties, taxes and fees are correctly started.

Over the last years, the Automated Commercial System (ACS) has been very reliable in its processing and suffered very little unscheduled downtime. The CBP has made downtime requirements available on its Web site for the enforcement of the 24Hour rule and will also do the same for the purposes of section 343(a) of the Trade Act of 2002.

Comment: For ABI (Automated Broker Interface) filers (importer or brokers) that transmitted advance air or truck cargo data, it was asked whether their ABI Filer Codes would qualify as their unique identification code, or whether CBP would require that they obtain another code, such as an IATA (International Air Transport Association) code or a SCAC code (Standard Carrier Alpha Code).

CBP Response: The ABI filer that transmits advance cargo data would be identified by its 3digit ABI Filer Code. However, in the air environment, since the Air Automated Manifest System (Air AMS) requires a 7character code to identify parties transmitting house air waybill level information, ABI filers electing to transmit such advance cargo data will be assigned codes in the format ``BCBPXXX'', where, in place of the ``XXX'', the ABI filer would insert its own unique 3digit ABI filer code.

Comment: Under the 24hour rule for incoming vessel cargo, Non Vessel Operating Common Carriers (NVOCCs) had to apply for approval to become a Vessel AMS filer. The question was raised, in the context of other modes of inbound transportation (air and truck), as to whether an ABI filer of information would have to go through the same approval process, including some form of application and qualification testing, before being allowed to file advance cargo data with CBP for incoming shipments.

CBP Response: ABI transmission capabilities are available to all entry filers who handle truck entries and that have been authorized to participate in ABI under the procedures prescribed in part 143, subpart A, Customs Regulations (19 CFR part 143, subpart
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A). In this context, it is the carrier's responsibility to ensure that the ABI transmitter of cargo data (broker or importer) receives the appropriate corresponding transportation information via fax or other means.

However, each new participant in the Air Automated Manifest System (Air AMS) will be required to undergo certification testing prior to full participation. Certification/authorization to participate in ABI will not, by itself, be sufficient to satisfy this requirement. The CBP will provide updated lists of approved Air AMS participants.

Comment: Under the 24hour rule, where an NVOCC filed the advance vessel cargo data, the NVOCC then had to perform other duties otherwise undertaken by the incoming ocean carrier for the arriving cargo, such as handling the arrival of the cargo, obtaining permits for its transfer, and coordinating any inbond movements. However, as to incoming air cargo, provided that accurate links existed between the house and master bills of lading, the issue arose as to whether the incoming air carrier would be responsible for all of the documentary transactions related to the arrival and movement of the air freight once it had landed at the port of arrival.

CBP Response: With consolidated shipments, given that an air carrier would transmit information for the incoming cargo at the master air waybill level, the carrier would be responsible for handling those transactions related to the arrival and movement of such cargo following its landing at the port of arrival. Coincident with this, any other eligible party transmitting (house bill) information for the incoming cargo would need to associate the house bill number with the master air waybill pertaining to such cargo (see Sec. 122.48a(d)(2)(i) in this final rule).

Furthermore, CBP is currently working on additional programming changes to the Vessel Automated Manifest System (Vessel AMS) which would allow the incoming ocean carrier, after the cargo is landed at the port of arrival, to handle the movement of the cargo, and its clearance, etc., on the master bill of lading.

Comment: It was remarked that all CBP automated systems in place had to be able to accommodate the required manifest reporting sufficiently for legitimate trade to continue to flow smoothly.

CBP Response: The requirement that cargo information be electronically presented in advance allows CBP to effectively target any cargo that may need to be held for further examination prior to the arrival of the vessel or other conveyance, which thereby enables legitimate cargo to move smoothly through the chain of commerce. CTPAT Exemption

Comment: It was proposed that ``lowrisk'' companies and those who were engaged in supplychain security programs, such as the Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (CTPAT), should be given a preference that would let such parties file their cargo declarations after, rather than prior to, the arrival of the cargo, or be subject to various relaxed restrictions in cargo information reporting. It was also suggested that CBP allow CTPAT participants to use ``Buyers Consolidation'' (where multiple shippers/consignees were listed on a single bill of lading, instead of each shipper/consignee having to be included on a separate bill of lading). Otherwise, CBP was asked to explain what benefits accrued to CTPAT members.

CBP Response: The CBP will not allow exemption from, or alteration of, the requirement that CTPAT partners submit cargo information in advance of arrival under these regulations, which includes the requirement that each shipper/consignee relationship be documented by a separate house bill of lading; and, moreover, CBP believes that compliance with these regulations complements supply chain security and efficiency procedures being implemented by CTPAT partners.

Furthermore, it is again emphasized that CTPAT membership will continue to be viewed in a positive light for targeting purposes. It is more likely that shipments made by CTPAT members will be readily and expeditiously cleared, and not be delayed for greater CBP scrutiny. Other related perquisites of CTPAT partnership may include essential security benefits for suppliers, employees, and customers, such as a reduction in the number and extent of border inspections, an opportunity for selfpolicing rather than Customs verifications, and eligibility for accountbased processes.

Accountbased processing is only offered to importers at this time. Accountbased processing provides advantages to importers such as web based views into their importing history with CBP, the important elements of their bond sufficiency records, and the future ability to make periodic payments of the their duty statements. Each transaction is still reviewed as part of the manifest processing; while there may be a reduced number of trade compliance examinations, no account is exempt from enforcement or security screening.

Comment: It was asked whether CBP would take into consideration lowrisk status and participation in programs, such as CTPAT, when minor reporting discrepancies occurred.

CBP Response: While participants in programs such as CTPAT will not be exempt from electronically filing their cargo information in advance, as noted above, such participation will also be taken into account in connection with the occurrence of minor discrepancies in the advance reporting of cargo data.

Exemption; U.S. Department of Defense (DoD)

Comment: Concern was expressed about the movement of military cargo on U.S. Department of Defense (DoD)chartered aircraft, vessels, or trucks where DoD had exclusive use and control of the conveyance. The revised advance reporting time standards could adversely affect transit time for DoD cargo in the commercial transportation system. Exemptions were requested from advance cargo information reporting for DoD chartered vessels, aircraft, and trucks.

CBP Response: In the proposed rule, CBP agreed that an exemption from the requirement of entry would be extended to certain DoD chartered vessels or aircraft (see 68 FR at 43577 and 43579, respectively). To accomplish this, Sec. Sec. 4.5 and 122.41, Customs Regulations (19 CFR 4.5 and 122.41), are amended in this final rule document to exempt from entry requirements (but not from clearance requirements) any vessel or aircraft that is chartered by and exclusively carrying cargo, the property of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), where the DoDchartered vessel or aircraft is manned entirely by the civilian crew of the vessel or air carrier under contract to DoD. Any vessel or aircraft exempt from entry would, of course, also be exempt from advance cargo information filing under this final rule.

However, concerning trucks chartered by DoD, CBP has at least provisionally concluded that, balancing the potential risks posed against the costs at issue, an exemption from advance filing is not needed in this case. The advance filing time frame is sufficiently abbreviated that it should not have a negative effect on the transit time for military cargo moving in the commercial transportation chain (e.g., a mere 30 minutes advance notice in the case of Free And Secure Trade (FAST) trade participants) (see the discussion for incoming truck cargo, infra).
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Other Government Agencies; Single Portal for Collecting Data

Comment: It was advocated that CBP and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) should harmonize the data elements and time frames for advance information that both agencies would now require. A single integrated computer system should be developed for the submission of advance information.

CBP Response: The CBP is working diligently with the FDA towards integrated filing and risk management mechanisms. In fact, an agreement was reached in May 2003 between CBP and FDA to modify CBP's Automated Commercial System (ACS) to enable importers, in most cases, to use this system to satisfy the advance informational requirements of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (Public Law 107188) (the Bioterrorism Act) and implementing regulations. In the Federal Register of October 10, 2003 (68 FR 58974), FDA, in conjunction with CBP, issued an interim final rule requiring prior notice of food imported into the United States, beginning on December 12, 2003. The interim final rule requires that the prior notice be submitted to FDA electronically via either the CBP's Automated Broker Interface (ABI)/ACS Interface or the FDA's Prior Notice System Interface. The interim final rule on prior notice of imported food shipments is available at http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/[sim ]lrd/fr03o10b.html. The CBP is also making modifications to ACS to allow ACS to be used to satisfy the prior notice requirements of the Bioterrorism Act.

The CBP's Automated Commercial Environment (ACE) is intended to operate as a single window for the submission of import information to the Government, once it is developed and implemented as part of the International Trade Data System (ITDS). Nevertheless, in light of the urgent need, in particular, to implement both section 343(a), as amended, and the Bioterrorism Act, the Government cannot delay such implementation until a fullyinterfaced, multiagency electronic data interchange system is in place, either within ACS or ACE.

The Automated Commercial Environment (ACE)

By way of additional perspective on the Automated Commercial Environment (ACE), CBP Modernization began in 2001, with the ACE focusing on import and export cargo operations. The ACE, as just noted, along with other entities will ultimately form one system providing a ``single screen'' for the international business community to interact with CBP and other government agencies on import/export requirements. The ACE will power an expedited release process for carriers and shippers that have prefiled, been preapproved, and have been subject to enforcement prescreening and targeting. An integrated risk management and targeting system will implement all types of enforcement and selectivity screening for commercial shipments. The ACE will provide both CBP and the business community with the tools and technology to ensure secure supplychain management. The program will include tools that will provide for: advanced manifesting system for all modes of transportation; tracking of intermodal shipment movements and cargo moving inbound; enhanced conveyance and transit cargo tracking for shipments from origin to destination. Finally, when exports are processed in ACE, CBP will have a complete endtoend record of crossborder processing and international supply chain information.

To date, ACE has provided the infrastructure to support the establishment of 41 Importer Accounts. These accounts have access to a quick view of their importing and compliance history as well as the functionality to print numerous reports. This functionality also provides for interaction between the Accounts and CBP in the form of an Action Plan and a Significant Activity Log. Both the Trade Community and CBP now have access to an electronic automated Harmonized Tariff Schedule. Near term functionality for ACE will include the establishment of 1100 Accounts to include brokers, importers and truck carriers. The establishment of these accounts will allow the account holders to pay duties and fees on a Monthly Periodic Statement (April 2004) and provide for the capability of truck carriers to file an advanced electronic Truck Manifest (October 2004), which will support the legislative requirements of the Trade Act of 2002.

Time Period for Implementing Advance Cargo Data Reporting

Comment: Consideration should be given to making the advance reporting provisions operational on a regionbyregion ``roll out.'' There should also be a liberal ``grace period'' permitted prior to enforcement of the new regulations so that both Government and the trade would have sufficient time to adjust to the new security requirements without disorganization or disruption.

CBP Response: It is stressed that the differing effective dates of these regulations may be further delayed for the several modes, both inbound and outbound, as already provided variously in Sec. Sec. 122.48a(e) (for inbound air cargo), 123.91(e) (for inbound rail cargo), 123.92(e) (for inbound truck cargo), and 192.14(e) (for outbound cargo, all modes). Only as to incoming vessel cargo is there a firm effective date of March 4, 2004, by which time all participating advance cargo data filers must be operational on the Vessel Automated Manifest System (Vessel AMS).

However, no matter when the various regulations in this final rule go into effect, CBP will adopt a phasedin enforcement process for these Trade Act Regulations similar to that which was utilized when the 24Hour Rule was implemented. Depending on the circumstances, CBP may take an ``informed compliance'' approach during a short period following the effective date of the rule. In appropriate circumstances, this approach would consist of performing audits of the carriers' and NVOCCs' (Non Vessel Operating Common Carriers') submissions and advising their owners or operators of problem areas that could have been subject to enforcement action.

Following an initial 2month period after issuance of the 24Hour rule, CBP created an enforcement approach that focused first on egregious violations. The CBP experienced an enormous decrease in the instances of such problem submissions immediately before, and after, expiration of the initial period when the ``informed compliance'' approach was implemented.

Therefore, in implementing these Trade Act Regulations, CBP has demonstrated experience in implementing a phasedin enforcement strategy and expects to develop similar plans with respect to these new advance cargo reporting requirements.

Furthermore, as with the 24hour rule, CBP intends to continue to work with the trade to achieve compliance with the requirements of these regulations. However, CBP does not believe that a regionby region implementation of the regulations would be either advantageous or advisable under the circumstances.

Comment: Two commenters wanted a uniform advance notification enforcement date for all modes to include both outbound and inbound shipments.

CBP Response: The implementation dates for all modes will vary, due to the readiness and availability of the
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automated systems that support each mode and the degree to which the necessary technology is available to particular modes of
transportation. This fully comports with the mandate of section 343(a)(3)(D) and (E), as amended.

Bond Issues

Comment: A question was presented as to whether electronic filers of advance cargo data through the Automated Manifest System (AMS) would need to possess an international carrier bond.

CBP Response: Other than Automated Broker Interface (ABI) filers in the air environment (consisting of importers and brokers) (see Sec. 122.48a(c)(2) in this final rule), electronic filers through AMS (whether Vessel, Air or Rail AMS) must possess an international carrier bond under 19 CFR 113.64. By contrast, an ABI filer of advance cargo data, that is an importer, would need to possess an amended basic importation and entry bond, as described in Sec. 113.62(j)(2) in this final rule; and an ABI broker who files advance cargo data would be obligated under 19 U.S.C. 1641 and 19 CFR part 111 to do so in the manner and in the time period prescribed in Sec. 122.48a in this final rule.

Comment: A Customs bond could be written as a single transaction bond or as a continuous bond. It was recommended that CBP provide in the regulations that any bond needed for reporting cargo information prior to arrival be a continuous bond.

CBP Response: The CBP does not agree with the commenter. The commenter suggests that the rule be amended to state that all bonds required in support of presentation of advanced manifest information must be continuous bonds. Continuous bonds are bonds taken out by principals that are in effect for a period of time (usually 1 year, with automatic renewal unless terminated) and insure all relevant transactions occurring in that period of time. In contrast, single transaction bonds are bonds that are taken out one at a time and are presented to insure only a single transaction or arrival. The rule only requires that a bond be posted. It does not matter whether that bond is continuous or single transaction and there is no need to provide for a bond type restriction.

Liability Concerns

Comment: Where the party presenting information to CBP had acquired this information from another, and the information was determined to be false, clarification was requested as to how this would play a role in the penalty/liquidated damage process.

CBP Response: Mindful of the requirements of section 343(a)(3)(B), as amended (19 U.S.C. 2071 note, section (a)(3)(B)), CBP will take the facts and circumstances of any such situation into account in determining whether a penalty/liquidated damages claim should be initiated and whether and/or to what extent such a claim should be mitigated. The CBP intends to issue mitigation guidelines in this matter.
Submission of Cargo Data in Advance of Arrival or Departure

Comment: Having to present cargo information in advance for both exports and imports would add severely to port congestion in the U.S., and thus raise the costs and burdens of both types of trade.

CBP Response: The CBP disagrees. The receipt of advance electronic information will reduce port congestion because CBP can make enforcement decisions before conveyances arrive in the United States. This has been true in the vessel environment for some time, and has been improved upon under the 24hour rule because CBP can perform examinations overseas via the Container Security Initiative (CSI). Furthermore, CBP will use in implementing this final rule a phasedin compliance program, similar to that described above for the 24Hour Rule, in order to make sure that technical violations do not unnecessarily disrupt the flow of goods across the U.S. border. Therefore, there is no compelling reason to conclude that congestion at U.S. ports will result.

Comment: Further explanation was sought as to the basis for the differences among the timeframe reporting requirements for inbound and outbound shipments in all modes of transportation.

CBP Response: Generally speaking, and as further discussed for each individual mode, infra, in determining the timing for transmittal of advance cargo data, CBP, as directed by the statute, took into account the differences existing among the different modes of transportation, both inbound and outbound, including differences in commercial practices, operational characteristics, and the technological capacity to collect and transmit information electronically; and, as the law also directed for each mode, CBP undertook to balance the likely impact on the flow of commerce with the impact on cargo safety and security. Miscellaneous Issues

Comment: Concern was expressed about information security requirements associated with advance notifications for shipments of radioactive material.

CBP Response: Advance cargo information is transmitted to and received by CBP on a secure and encrypted data line. As for cargo arriving by vessel, manifest information for such cargo is not available for public disclosure until after the vessel has arrived; and, as previously indicated, in accordance with 19 U.S.C. 1431(c)(2)(A) & (B), such information may be exempted from disclosure in the interest of national defense pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(1), or where the disclosure would pose a threat of personal injury or property damage.

Comment: In the future, CBP should allow the electronic submission of comments.

CBP Response: Requiring written comments in response to a notice of proposed rulemaking is a matter of agency policy that is beyond the scope of this particular rulemaking. However, it is observed that comments via email were invited and accepted regarding the development of the proposed rulemaking in this case (68 FR at 43575).

Comment: A format for Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) should be established for each mode of transportation on the CBP Web site, which should be regularly updated with new or revised questions.

CBP Response: CBP intends to post FAQs for each mode of transportation on the CBP Web site (http://www.cbp.gov), which will be updated as necessary.

Comment: One commenter offered to provide, at no cost to the Government, cargo inspections at the point of origin and then transmit the results of the inspections by way of a CBPapproved electronic data interchange system. The commenter requested only that CBP accept such inspected shipments as ``low risk'' and thus eligible for expedited clearance upon arrival.

CBP Response: In effect, CBP believes that the same results would be achievable by joining the CTPAT program (The CustomsTrade Partnership Against Terrorism). As already explained, participation in CTPAT is considered as a positive factor in targeting shipments to determine whether cargo needs to be held at the port of arrival for examination or receipt of further information.

Comment: Additional instruction was sought as to what terms would satisfy the requirement for a precise description for incoming cargo (Sec. 4.7a(c)(4)(vii); and proposed Sec. Sec. 122.48a(d)(1)(ix) and (d)(2)(iii), 123.91(d)(5), and 123.92(d)(9)). In
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particular, for automotive producers, it was stated that obtaining a complete and correct list of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) numbers for all exports of automotive parts and components could be a daunting task. One shipment could contain many types of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) or replacement parts; it was instead urged that CBP accept a generic cargo description such as ``New Autoparts'' regardless of the mode of transportation involved.

CBP Response: CBP will issue an Acceptable and NonAcceptable cargo description list as was done with the 24Hour Rule for incoming vessel cargo. This list will be the same for all modes of transportation.

Generally speaking, CBP has defined a precise cargo description as a description precise enough for CBP to be able to identify the shapes, physical characteristics, and likely packaging of the manifested cargo so that CBP can discern any anomalies in the cargo when a container is run through imaging equipment. Also, the description must be precise enough to identify any goods which may emit radiation.

The requirement that a carrier/filer use cargo descriptions that would not be considered vague should not be overly burdensome. The CBP has undertaken continuous efforts prior to and since the promulgation of the 24hour Advance Manifest Rule in the sea environment to educate all filers on cargo descriptions that would be considered vague as well as on issues raised by trade representatives. The cargo descriptions that are considered vague have been posted on the CBP Web site (Frequently Asked Questions) since March 2003. The descriptions were not designed to force carriers/filers to achieve entry level descriptions. In most cases, the descriptions require only one or two further qualification descriptors.

Comment: Participation in such an electronic data interchange as the Automated Manifest System (AMS) should be covered by regulations pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act that provide uniform requirements for enrollment and acceptance into these electronic filing programs, and that govern the suspension, revocation or modification of participation in these programs.

CBP Response: Participation in the electronic systems described in this rulemaking was formerly voluntary as part of the National Customs Automation Program (NCAP) described in 19 U.S.C. 1411(a). As part of the Trade Act of 2002, Congress amended section 1411 to permit CBP to mandate use of the electronic systems of NCAP. To effectuate the requirement in section 343 of the Trade Act of 2002 for the electronic transmission of section 343 cargo information in compliance with Congress's timetable, CBP is mandating use of several of these existing NCAP electronic systems.

The criteria for establishing connection with these systems were set forth in the notices of the tests of these systems (e.g., for the Vessel Automated Manifest System (Vessel AMS) program, see 61 FR 47782 (September 10, 1996), and 67 FR 77318 (December 17, 2002)); the eligibility criteria for these programs also appear on the CBP Web site: http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/import/operations_support/automated_systems/ams/ .

Because electronic filing is now mandatory, CBP will not prohibit or restrict use of the required systems by filers as it might under a voluntary test program. The CBP does reserve the right to take necessary technical steps to deny connections in the event of electronic attacks (e.g., denial of service attacks), but otherwise access will be available. Therefore, no procedures regarding suspension or revocation of access to these systems are required. Instead, CBP will ensure compliance with mandatory electronic filing requirements through monitoring by account managers, penalty assessments or claims for liquidated damages, as appropriate to the circumstances. Vessel Cargo Destined to the United States

Submission Time Frames

Comment: Seven commenters advocated that the prearrival and post loading data submissions acceptable for the other modes should also be acceptable for maritime cargo. There should be no significant differences in risk between air and maritime cargoes. The 24hour pre loading requirement could disrupt ``Just In Time'' (JIT) delivery systems.

CBP Response: As explained in the 24hour rule (67 FR at 66319) and as reiterated in the proposed rule in this case (68 FR at 43577), the 24hour prelading requirement for vessel cargo, especially
containerized vessel cargo, is tied inextricably to the Container Security Initiative (CSI), a core element of which is to prescreen vessel cargo containers at the foreign port of departure before they are loaded onto the vessel for shipment to the United States. To enable such prescreening to be done fully and successfully, it is essential that the related cargo data be transmitted to CBP at least 24 hours prior to lading the cargo aboard the vessel.

In relation to JIT deliveries, CBP requires the electronic transmission of cargo declaration information 24 hours in advance; CBP is not requiring that the cargo be ready for inspection or that the cargo be at the dock. However, CBP recognizes the 24hour prelading reporting may occasion some changes in the practice of sometimes adding last minute loads to vessels, but only if such loads were not manifested 24 hours prior to their lading.
Exemption From Advance Filing

Bulk/Break Bulk Cargo

Comment: It was requested that consideration be given to exempting bulk cargoes from the requirement of electronically having to submit cargo declarations.

CBP Response: CBP has given bulk, and some breakbulk shipments, exemptions from the requirement to file 24hours prior to loading, but these entities will still be required to file their cargo declarations electronically.

Comment: Section 4.7(b)(2), Customs Regulations (19 CFR 4.7(b)(2)), implied, erroneously, that only vessels exclusively carrying bulk or break bulk cargo could be exempted from having to report such cargo 24 hours prior to loading the cargo aboard the vessel in the foreign port.

CBP Response: The CBP agrees. Section 4.7(b)(2) will be revised to make it clear, in agreement with Sec. 4.7(b)(4), that for vessels that carry both nonexempt cargo and exempt bulk/break bulk cargo, only the nonexempt cargo must be reported on the electronic cargo declaration 24 hours prior to loading such cargo in a foreign port.
Data Elements

Precise Cargo Description; 6Digit HTS Number

Comment: Section 4.7a(c)(4)(vii) stated that either a precise cargo description or the 6digit Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) number for the cargo had to be provided. However, the Vessel AMS system in fact required a narrative cargo description and (if desired) an HTSUS 6 digit number for the cargo, or the transmitted bill of lading would be rejected.

CBP Response: Currently, AMS does require text in the description field of the electronic transmission, or AMS will reject the transmission, even though a 6digit HTSUS number is also provided in the appropriate field of the transmission. The CBP intends shortly to effect programming changes to allow for either a precise cargo description or
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the 6digit HTSUS number; but until such time as these programming changes are adopted, AMS participants which provide the HTSUS number will also have to enter a cargo description in the description field of the electronic transmission. However, as an alternative to providing a precise cargo description in the description field of the transmission, the applicable 6digit HTSUS number may instead be included in the description field to satisfy the current programming requirement that some text appear in this field.

Comment: In light of the recent final rule regarding corporate compliance activity (CBP Dec. 0315, 68 FR 47455; August 11, 2003), the question arose as to whether the submission by the electronic filer of the 6digit HTSUS number via AMS would fall within the purview of ``Customs business'' under 19 CFR part 111.

CBP Response: ``Customs business'' does not involve the mere electronic transmission of data received for transmission to CBP (19 CFR 111.1). Moreover, the 6digit HTSUS number is intended exclusively for ensuring cargo safety and security, and not for determining merchandise entry or for any other commercial admissibility or enforcement purposes which fall within the scope of Customs business. An 8digit HTSUS number is needed and is used for merchandise entry purposes.

The ``corporate compliance activity'' rule dealt with the conduct of ``Customs Business'' as established by statute (19 U.S.C. 1641). The activities covered under that rule all relate to the entry of merchandise, not its manifesting. Reporting commodity identification by use of 6digit HTSUS numbers, rather than the more specific 8 or 10 digit designations, was included because there is international agreement and uniformity at the 6digit level. Use of HTSUS designations is merely offered by CBP as an option to be used in place of a precise narrative description of cargo content.

Definition of Shipper; Consignee

Comment: A number of questions were raised with respect to the provision in proposed Sec. 4.7a(c)(4)(viii) that, for consolidated shipments, the shipper listed on the house bill of lading be the owner and exporter of the goods from the foreign country. In sum, it was basically asserted that this would be inconsistent with the commercial practice of the transportation trade which essentially identified the shipper as the party with whom the carrier had a contractual relationship, and that it was improper for the U.S. Government to unilaterally change this practice. It was also said to be at odds with the prevailing requirement that the foreign vendor or manufacturer be listed as the shipper on a house bill.

CBP Response: In light of the above comments, CBP has closely reviewed what shipper information must be listed on a house bill of lading for a consolidated shipment. Cargo information collected under this rule is not intended for commercial purposes, but rather for purposes of ensuring cargo safety and security as part of an antiterrorism national security initiative (see 19 U.S.C. 2071 note, section (a)(3)(F)). Otherwise stated, it is essential that CBP receive house level information on the identity of the shipper that will enable an accurate nationalsecurity risk assessment concerning the related cargo. To this specific end, CBP will thus accept as the shipper on a house bill of lading the identity of the foreign vendor, supplier, manufacturer, or other similar party. Also, the shipper's address must be a foreign address. By contrast, CBP will not accept the carrier, NVOCC, freight forwarder or consolidator as valid house level information on the identity of the shipper.

Accordingly, proposed Sec. 4.7a(c)(4)(viii), as well as proposed Sec. Sec. 122.48a(d)(1)(x), 122.48a(d)(2)(vi), 123.91(d)(6) and 123.92(d)(11), are thus revised in this final rule.

Comment: Greater guidance was requested as to what would be acceptable in the Notify Party field of the electronic transmission (proposed Sec. 4.7a(c)(4)(ix)). It was thought that if there was any other commercial party listed in the bill of lading, such party would be included in the Notify Party field; otherwise, this field would be left blank.

CBP Response: The CBP requires that if the cargo has not yet been sold or is shipped ``to order'', and there is no consignee information, then the Notify Party field must include the identity of a responsible party in the United States. Such a responsible party could include any other commercial party that is listed in the bill of lading for delivery or contact purposes.

Date and Time of Departure of Vessel From Foreign Port

Comment: With respect to proposed Sec. 4.7a(c)(4)(xv) and (xvi), it was asserted that the information concerning the date and time that the vessel departed for the United States as reflected in the vessel log could not be provided 24 hours prior to foreign lading of the cargo aboard the vessel.

Also, a question arose concerning whether these data elements referred to the date and time of departure from the foreign port of loading with respect to which the 24hour declaration was made, or the date and time of departure from the last foreign port before sailing to the United States.

CBP Response: The date and time of departure should capture the date and time that the vessel departs from the foreign port of loading with respect to which the 24hour cargo declaration is made (see Sec. 4.7(b)(2) in this final rule). However, CBP will not require the information as to the date and time of vessel departure to be transmitted 24 hours prior to the lading of the cargo at the foreign port. Instead, the time frame for reporting these two data elements will be either: (1) No later than 24 hours after departure from the foreign port of lading, for those vessels that will arrive in the United States more than 24 hours after sailing from that foreign port; or (2) no later than the time of presentation of a permit to unlade (Customs Form (CF) 3171, or electronic equivalent), for those vessels that will arrive less than 24 hours after sailing from the foreign port of lading. Proposed Sec. 4.7a(c)(4)(xv) and (xvi) are revised in this final rule to include these additional provisions.

Also, the transmission of these date and time data elements may be handled as an amendment to the vessel header, which will eliminate the need for each bill of lading to be amended.
Vessel AMS Issues

Importer Participation in Vessel AMS

Comment: It was stated that the party most likely to have the information needed for targeting was the U.S. importer, while the incoming carrier would only be able to provide information which was received from the charterer of the vessel.

CBP Response: CBP finds that allowing importers to participate in advance electronic filing through Vessel AMS would at this time be neither advisable nor practicable, given the current design and functionality of the Vessel AMS system and the lack of consensus in the trade community as to whether importers should furnish sea cargo data to CBP.

Comment: A shipper should be allowed to file advance cargo data through AMS.

CBP Response: Again, given the prevailing operation of the Vessel AMS, CBP finds that allowing freight forwarders who are not NVOCCs, and other parties identified as ``consolidators,'' even though they may be NVOCCs (see 68 FR at 43577) to
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participate in the Vessel AMS electronic data interchange system would at this time be neither advisable nor practicable.

Comment: It was stated that the Shipper field in Vessel AMS could not accommodate more than 3 or 4 lines of information. This could prove inadequate in the case of consolidated shipments where there could be multiple shippers.

CBP Response: This inability of the Shipper field in Vessel AMS to capture multiple shipper data is academic inasmuch as CBP requires that for each shipper/consignee relationship a separate bill of lading be issued. This mandate for a separate house bill of lading for each shipper/consignee relationship constitutes a critical component for automated targeting purposes in identifying highrisk shipments.

Comment: With respect to proposed Sec. 4.7(b)(5), which provided that carriers, and participating NVOCCs, would need to become automated at all ports of entry where their cargo would initially arrive, it was asked whether it would be the Vessel AMS computer mainframe's problem to forward the carrier's transmission to the appropriate Customs port of entry.

CBP Response: Ocean carriers and NVOCCs currently operational on Vessel AMS, although not at all ports of entry, will now be required to become operational at all such ports. Any carrier or NVOCC that hereafter becomes automated on Vessel AMS will thereby be automated at all ports. Since the automation of electronic filers through Vessel AMS will per se encompass all ports of entry, proposed Sec. 4.7(b)(5) is revised in this final rule by removing the phrase, ``where their cargo will initially arrive''. However, carriers must indicate in their respective electronic transmissions each port of arrival where their incoming cargo will be discharged.

Comment: Non Vessel Operating Common Carriers (NVOCCs) should be required to electronically present advance cargo information directly to CBP.

CBP Response: The CBP disagrees. As discussed in the proposed rule (68 FR at 4357643577), certain segments of the trade in fact urged that advance cargo information filing by NVOCCs be eliminated due to operational problems with Vessel AMS, that resulted when NVOCCs, as opposed to the incoming carriers, filed cargo data directly with CBP. Nevertheless, in consideration of the competitive relationships that exist in the international freight forwarding field, CBP continues to believe that NVOCCs who wish to do so may become automated on Vessel AMS, but that they should not be compelled to do so.

Comment: It was observed that a large number of NVOCCs operational on Vessel AMS seemed to opt out of the system at various ports, for apparently no authorized reason. Vessel carriers were said to be unable to audit or police this.

CBP Response: Those NVOCCs who choose to become automated on Vessel AMS must be automated in all ports. While NVOCCs do have the ability to decertify in AMS, they would then be required to submit detailed information to carriers for transmission to CBP for all ports of discharge. If a question should arise as to whether or not an NVOCC is automated, the vessel carrier may contact its CBP client representative for verification.

Comment: It was asked whether there was a maximum reporting window for transmitting cargo data in advance through Vessel AMS.

CBP Response: Vessel AMS has the capacity to retain electronic transmission information up to a maximum of nine months prior to the cargo's Estimated Date of Arrival (EDA).

Confidentiality

Comment: It was unclear whether the shipper specific information would be publicly disclosed, and whether such information from both master and house bills of lading would be involved. It was remarked that disclosing this information would defeat the purpose of direct filing by NVOCCs.

CBP Response: Information collected pursuant to 19 U.S.C. 1431, including information from both master and house bills, is available for public disclosure in accordance with section 1431(c). However, under the authority of section 1431(c)(1)(A), information relating to the identity of a foreign shipper to an importer or consignee in the United States will not be disclosed if a claim for confidential treatment for such information is made by using the procedure prescribed in 19 CFR 103.31(d)(1).

Implementation Period for Rule

Comment: It was thought that 90 days was too short a period from the date of publication of the final rule within which a nonautomated carrier would need to develop software and programming in Vessel AMS. A period of 120 days was requested.

CBP Response: The CBP believes that 90 days is an adequate and reasonable time frame within which to permit a nonautomated vessel carrier to become automated on Vessel AMS. The CBP will continue to work with the trade to achieve compliance with these advance cargo reporting provisions.

In selecting 90 days following publication as an implementation period for mandatory vessel AMS participation, CBP sought to strike a proper balance between the needs of the affected public in adjusting to the new requirements, and meeting the needs of the United States in implementing antiterrorism measures without undue delay. Ninety days strikes that balance.

Procedure for Amending Cargo Declarations

Comment: The proposed rule did not mention the procedures for amending electronic cargo declarations following their transmission. This would also apply for goods that were sold while in transit.

CBP Response: Complete and accurate information would need to be presented to CBP for cargo to be laden aboard the vessel no later than 24 hours prior to lading the cargo aboard the vessel at the foreign port. As for any changes in the cargo information already transmitted, the procedures for amending the cargo declaration including discrepancy reporting regarding vessels as well as all other modes will be the subject of a separate rulemaking. Prior to the promulgation of new rules concerning discrepancy reporting, the procedures for phasedin compliance as explained above will be employed to address changes that must be made to the transmitted cargo declaration. It should be recognized that each time a bill of lading is amended, it may be subject to increased targeting and at risk for examination. Enforcement

Comment: Procedures should be outlined for cargo that arrived without prenotification or with incomplete information.

CBP Response: In all modes of transportation discussed in this rulemaking, the carrier must notify CBP immediately upon arrival or as soon as it realizes that it did not submit the proper information. The carrier should then present or transmit the cargo declaration information. Upon arrival in the U.S. port, the cargo declaration will be placed on hold until CBP has had the opportunity to review the documentation, and conduct any necessary examinations. Appropriate penalties may also be issued. If CBP determines that this has become a common occurrence for a carrier, this could eventually lead to denial of a permit to unlade. Additionally, CBP will notify the United States Coast
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Guard of a vessel with unmanifested cargo that is scheduled to arrive. If the arriving cargo is food, CBP and FDA are working closely together to ensure they coordinate policies and procedures for dealing with movement of the cargo.

Miscellaneous Matters

Comment: The view was expressed that the ocean carrier would be reluctant to accept an NVOCC's shipment due to liability concerns, and/ or would react, to protect itself from CBP enforcement, by imposing extraordinary and erroneous evidentiary or indemnity obligations on the NVOCC.

CBP Response: The CBP is currently programming Vessel AMS to accept additional bill of lading types that will allow NVOCCs to submit commodity information to CBP that will protect proprietary information from the carrier, and that will enable the vessel carrier to submit master bills of lading to CBP pertaining to the transportation information for the cargo.

Comment: In proposed Sec. 4.7(b)(1), it was stated that the original and one copy of the manifest must be ready for production on demand. It was asserted that the only original manifest carried on board the vessel upon arrival would be the dangerous goods manifest.

CBP Response: Under Sec. 4.7(b)(1), there is no requirement that the original vessel cargo declaration be carried aboard the vessel in those cases where the cargo declaration has already been filed in advance electronically. The CBP decided not to enforce the paper cargo declaration (Customs Form (CF) 1302) rule for formal entrance if a carrier or NVOCC has successfully automated. However, where the cargo declaration has been filed in advance electronically, and a paper copy is not aboard the vessel, the carrier will be afforded a reasonable time within which to generate a paper cargo declaration, should a paper copy be requested by CBP. The CBP will periodically assess this policy to ensure that it is not having an adverse effect on operations.

Comment: The proposed rules, especially those related to ocean imports, did not address the status of shippers' associations as shippers and transportation intermediaries and apparently did not give them the right to file the required manifest information directly to CBP.

CBP Response: The CBP has determined that shippers associations are not licensed or registered with the Federal Maritime Commission (FMC). Moreover, such associations cannot be construed to be carriers of cargo in the same sense as ocean carriers or NVOCCS. Therefore, shippers associations will not be permitted to participate in Vessel AMS. Air Cargo Destined to the United States
Time Frame Requirements for Transmitting Advance Cargo Data

Comment: Several commenters requested that the time frames in proposed Sec. 122.48a(b) in which the electronic cargo information was transmitted be reduced and that exceptions for certain points of origin be included.

CBP Response: The CBP recognizes the business practices of the air cargo industry and the necessity of adequate time to properly analyze the electronic cargo information and to deploy inspectional resources when required. These issues were carefully considered when establishing the time frames specified in these regulations.

Specifically, CBP weighed the question of an appropriate time frame for air from many angles. To better gauge industry requirements, CBP conducted public meetings (one for each modality), and set up an email address to facilitate the submission of comments by carriers, importers, exporters, freight forwarders, customs brokers, other U.S. Government agencies, foreign governments, as well as local, national and international trade organizations, and private citizens, etc. It should be noted that this elective comment period was in addition to the formal comment period required for the Notice of Proposed Rule Making. The CBP also met intensively with the Treasury Advisory Committee on the Commercial Operations of the U.S. Customs Service (COAC), which resulted in additional unified recommendations for each modality. The CBP assessed internal operational considerations such as the speed at which the various electronic data interchanges are able to process information, the time required for CBP personnel to review the output and determine the appropriate action, and the time needed to deploy personnel to respond.

Comment: Further explanation was requested on whether the time frames for flights from nearby foreign areas in proposed Sec. 122.48a(b)(1) included such flights to the territories of the United States, such as Guam and Puerto Rico.

CBP Response: The time frame for nearby flights would include such flights to Puerto Rico because it is part of the Customs territory of the United States. However, flights to Guam are not included in the advance cargo reporting requirements, as Guam is not part of the Customs territory. The CBP finds that a distinction in the time frames for advance filing based upon geographical considerations, as opposed to the duration of the flight, is more administratively feasible. Air Freight Forwarder Issues

Comment: It was asked whether CBP would permit foreign indirect air carriers (nonU.S.based freight forwarders that issue their house bills of lading for air freight shipments) to qualify as one of the authorized filers of information through the Air Automated Manifest System (Air AMS).

CBP Response: Other than the incoming air carrier, parties eligible to transmit inbound electronic air cargo information are enumerated in Sec. 122.48a(c)(1) in this final rule. Any foreign indirect air carrier that is not one of the parties specified in Sec. 122.48a(c)(1) would have to fully disclose and present the required data for the inbound air cargo to the incoming air carrier or other eligible electronic filer, as applicable, which would then present such data to CBP.

Comment: It was advocated that CBP require freight forwarders, Customs brokers and consolidators to participate in Air AMS.

CBP Response: The CBP disagrees. Such parties may elect to provide the data directly to CBP if they are one of the parties specified in Sec. 122.48a(c)(1), or they may provide the data to the incoming air carrier which will transmit such data directly to CBP.

Comment: Two commenters wanted to know whether it was CBP's intention that freight forwarders filing advance cargo data obtain two bondsan international carrier bond and a custodial bond.

CBP Response: A freight forwarder filing advance air cargo data would be required to have an international carrier's bond under Sec. 122.48a(c)(2). In addition, if the freight forwarder or any other eligible party were responsible for supplying inbond information and for transporting cargo inbond under the provisions of part 18 of the Customs Regulations (19 CFR part 18), such party would also need a Customs custodial bond.

The international carrier bond is required of carriers arriving from foreign locations. That bond exists to guarantee performance with regard to (among other things) conveyance arrival, entry and clearance, cargo manifesting and disposition, and passenger and crew control. The conditions of the international carrier bond appear at 19 CFR 113.64. A custodial bond is required of any party that transports merchandise domestically, either between ports of entry or within a single [[Page 68149]]
port of entry, before that merchandise has been entered for consumption with duties paid thereon and its admissibility into the commerce determined. The custodial bond conditions appear at 19 CFR 113.63. The custodian of the merchandise guarantees compliance with all regulations governing the receipt, carriage, safekeeping and disposition of merchandise transported or held.

Diversion/Fuel Stop Issues

Comment: It was asked whether the rule allowed for aircraft to stop for fueling at a U.S. location prior to arriving at its final destination. Four commenters requested that fuel stops be exempt from reporting requirements from the U.S. port of arrival to the port of destination.

CBP Response: Section 122.48a does not prohibit an aircraft from including a fuel stop in its itinerary; however, that stop may be the port of arrival in the United States fo

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT Legal matters: Glen E. Vereb, Office of Regulations and Rulings, 2025728724; Trade compliance issues: Inbound vessel cargo: Kimberly Nott, Field Operations, 2029270042; Inbound air cargo: David M. King, Field Operations, 2029271133; Inbound truck cargo: Enrique Tamayo, Field Operations, 2029273112; Inbound rail cargo: Juan CancioBello, Field Operations, 2029273459; Outbound cargo, all modes: Robert Rawls, Field Operations, 202927 5301.