Federal Register: December 9, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 236)
DOCID: FR Doc 04-26741
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Treasury Department
CFR Citation: 40 CFR Part 60
RIN ID: RIN 2060-AG31
OAR ID: [OAR-2003-0156; FRL-7845-4]
NOTICE: Part II
DOCUMENT ACTION: Proposed rules.
SUBJECT CATEGORY:
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines for Existing Sources: Other Solid Waste Incineration Units
DATES: Comments must be received on or before February 7, 2005.
Public Hearing. If anyone contacts EPA by December 29, 2004, requesting to speak at a public hearing, EPA will hold a public hearing on January 10, 2005. If you are interested in attending the public hearing, contact Ms. Kelly Hayes at (919) 5415578 to verify that a hearing will be held.
DOCUMENT SUMMARY:
The EPA is proposing new source performance standards (NSPS) and emission guidelines for new and existing ``other'' solid waste incinerators (OSWI) units. The proposed rules fulfill the requirements of sections 111 and 129 of the Clean Air Act (CAA), which require EPA to promulgate NSPS and emission guidelines for solid waste incineration units. These requirements are based on the Administrator's determination that these waste incinerators cause, or contribute significantly to, air pollution that may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. The proposed rules, which address only nonhazardous solid wastes, would protect public health by reducing exposure to air pollution.
SUMMARY:
Environmental Protection Agency,
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
I. General Information
A. Does This Action Apply To Me?
Regulated Entities. Categories and entities potentially regulated
by the proposed rules are very small municipal waste combustion (VSMWC)
units and institutional waste incineration (IWI) units. The OSWI
emission guidelines and NSPS would affect the following categories of sources:
Examples of potentially regulated
Category NAICS code SIC code entities
Any State, local, or Tribal government 562213, 92411 4953, 9511 Solid waste combustion units burning
using a VSMWC unit as defined in the municipal waste collected from the
regulation. general public and from residential,
commercial, institutional, and
industrial sources.
Institutions using an IWI unit as defined 922, 6111, 9223, 8211, Correctional institutions, primary
in the regulations. 623, 7121 7999 and secondary schools, camps and
national parks.
Any Federal government agency using an 928 9711 Department of Defense (labs, military
OSWI unit as defined in the regulations. bases, munition facilities).
Any college or university using an OSWI 6113, 6112 8221, 8222 Universities, colleges and community
unit as defined in the regulations. colleges.
Any church or convent using an OSWI unit 8661 8131 Churches and convents. as defined in the regulations.
Any civic or religious organization using 8641 8134 Civic associations and fraternal
an OSWI unit as defined in the associations. regulations.
This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by the
proposed rules. To determine whether your facility would be regulated
by the proposed rules, you should examine the applicability criteria in
40 CFR 60.2885 through 60.2888 of subpart EEEE, and 40 CFR 60.2991
through 60.2994 of subpart FFFF. If you have any questions regarding
the applicability of the proposed rules to a particular entity, contact
either of the persons listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
B. What Should I Consider as I Prepare My Comments for EPA?
1. Submitting CBI. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI electronically through EDOCKET, regulations.gov, or email. Send or deliver information identified as CBI to only the following address: Ms. Mary Johnson, c/o OAQPS Document Control Officer (Room C40402), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, Attention Docket ID No. OAR20030156. Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or CDROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CDROM as CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CDROM the specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
If you have any questions about CBI or the procedures for claiming CBI, please consult either of the persons identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
2. Tips for Preparing Your Comments. When submitting comments, remember to:
a. Identify the rulemaking by docket number and other identifying information (subject heading, Federal Register date and page number).
b. Follow directions. The EPA may ask you to respond to specific questions or organize comments by referencing a Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part or section number.
c. Explain why you agree or disagree; suggest alternatives and substitute language for your requested changes.
d. Describe any assumptions and provide any technical information and/or data that you used.
e. If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you
arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be reproduced.
f. Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns, and suggest alternatives.
g. Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of profanity or personal threats.
h. Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period deadline identified.
Docket. The docket number for the proposed NSPS (40 CFR part 60, subpart EEEE) and emission guidelines (40 CFR part 60, subpart FFFF) is Docket ID No. OAR20030156.
World Wide Web (WWW). In addition to being available in the docket,
an electronic copy of the proposed rules is available on the WWW through the
[[Page 71474]]
Technology Transfer Network Web site (TTN Web). Following signature,
EPA will post a copy of the proposed rules on the TTN's policy and
guidance page for newly proposed or promulgated rules at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg. The TTN provides information and technology
exchange in various areas of air pollution control. If you need more
information regarding the TTN, call the TTN Help line at (919) 541 5384.
II. Background Information
A. What Is the Statutory Authority for the Proposed Rules?
Section 129 of the CAA, entitled ``Solid Waste Combustion,'' requires EPA to develop and adopt NSPS and emission guidelines for solid waste incineration units pursuant to CAA section 111. Section 111(b) of the CAA requires EPA to establish NSPS for new sources, and CAA section 111(d) requires EPA to establish procedures for States to submit plans for implementing emission guidelines for existing sources. Under CAA section 111, NSPS and emission guidelines must be developed for new and existing stationary sources that cause or contribute significantly to air pollution that may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare.
Congress specifically added section 129 to the CAA to address
concerns about emissions from solid waste combustion units. Section 129
of the CAA requires EPA to promulgate emissions standards and other
requirements for ``each category of solid waste incineration unit.''
Section 129(a)(1) of the CAA identifies five categories of solid waste incineration units:
(1) Units with a capacity of greater than 250 tons per day (tpd) combusting municipal waste;
(2) Units with a capacity equal to or less than 250 tpd combusting municipal waste;
(3) Units combusting hospital, medical and infectious waste;
(4) Units combusting commercial or industrial waste; and
(5) Unspecified ``other categories of solid waste incineration units.''
Section 129(g)(1) of the CAA identifies several types of units that are not solid waste incineration units, including units required to have a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA); materials recovery facilities; certain qualifying small power production facilities or qualifying cogeneration facilities which burn homogeneous waste; and certain air curtain incinerators that meet opacity limitations established by EPA.
For each category of incineration unit identified under CAA section
129, EPA must establish numerical emission limits for at least nine
specified pollutants (particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide
(SO
Under CAA section 129, the NSPS and emission guidelines adopted for solid waste combustion units must reflect the maximum achievable control technology (MACT). Accordingly, EPA's standards under CAA section 129 must ``* * * reflect the maximum degree of reduction in emissions of [the listed] air pollutants * * * that the Administrator, taking into consideration the cost of achieving such emissions reductions, and any nonair quality health and environmental impacts and energy requirements, determines is achievable for new or existing units in each category * * *.'' (See CAA section 129(a)(2).) However, the standards for new units must not be less stringent than the emissions control that is achieved in practice by the best controlled similar unit, and the standards for existing sources must not be less stringent than the average emissions limitations achieved by the best performing 12 percent of units in the category.
Regulations have been developed for each of the listed categories of solid waste incineration unit except for the ``other categories of solid waste incineration units.'' Today's notice proposes regulations for these ``other'' (or OSWI) units. Three previous notices have been published regarding OSWI regulatory development (58 FR 31358, June 2, 1993; 58 FR 58498, November 2, 1993; 65 FR 67367, November 9, 2000). In the November 9, 2000 notice, EPA revised the OSWI regulatory schedule to promulgate regulations by November 2005. This was subsequently incorporated into a consent decree, requiring that EPA propose regulations for the OSWI source category by November 30, 2004, and promulgate by November 30, 2005.
B. What Are New Source Performance Standards?
The NSPS for solid waste incineration units are developed according to CAA sections 111 and 129. An NSPS applies to new stationary sources of emissions, that is, sources for which construction begins after a standard is proposed or sources that are modified on or after a specified date. The key elements in an NSPS are generally defined as follows:
1. Source category to be regulated means the industries or types of processes that are regulated. Section 129 of the CAA requires EPA to regulate several categories of incinerators specifically listed in CAA section 129 and to regulate ``other categories of solid waste incineration units'' (known as OSWI). The proposed NSPS applies to the OSWI category, which is VSMWC units and IWI units.
2. Affected facility means a solid waste incineration unit that will be subject to the NSPS. The proposed NSPS would affect each individual OSWI unit.
3. Pollutants to be regulated means the particular substances
emitted by the affected facility that the NSPS regulates. Section 129
of the CAA specifies nine pollutants: Cd, CO, dioxins/furans, PM, HCl,
Pb, Hg, NO
4. Maximum achievable control technology means the technology on which the emission standards will be based. Section 129(a)(2) of the CAA specifies that standards be based on ``* * * the maximum degree of reduction in emissions * * * that the Administrator, taking into consideration the cost of achieving such emission reduction, and any nonair quality health and environmental impacts and energy requirements, determines is achievable * * *.'' (Note that solid waste incineration standards under CAA section 129 are different from typical NSPS under CAA section 111, which are based on ``best demonstrated technology'' rather than MACT.)
5. Format for the standards means the form in which the standards are expressed; for example, as pollutant concentration emission limits, as a percent reduction in emissions, or as equipment or work practice standards. Section 129 of the CAA also directs EPA to establish siting requirements for new incineration units and operator certification and training requirements for all units.
6. Emission limits generally means limits based on the level of
reduction that the MACT can achieve. Only in unusual cases do standards require that
[[Page 71475]]
a specific technology be used. In general, the source owner or operator may select any method for complying with the limits.
7. Other considerations in addition to emission limits for NSPS usually include: Standards for visible emissions, modification and reconstruction provisions, monitoring requirements, performance test methods and compliance procedures, and reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
C. What Are Emission Guidelines?
Emission guidelines are similar to NSPS, except that they apply to existing sources. That is, they apply to sources for which construction began on or before the date a standard is proposed or that are modified before a specified date. Unlike NSPS, the emission guidelines are not enforceable until EPA approves a State plan or adopts a Federal plan for implementing and enforcing them, and the State or Federal plan becomes effective.
D. How Are the Emission Guidelines Implemented?
When standards of performance for solid waste incineration units are promulgated under CAA sections 111 and 129, the CAA requires States under CAA sections 111(d) and 129(b) to submit plans that: (1) Establish emission standards for existing sources, and (2) provide for implementation and enforcement of the emission standards.
States are required to adopt and submit to the Administrator a State plan implementing the emission guidelines within 1 year after the promulgation of the guidelines (CAA section 129(b)(2)). The State plan carries out and provides for enforcing the emission guidelines. Section 129 of the CAA provides that the State plan for existing incineration units must be at least as protective as the emission guidelines and must provide for compliance by affected facilities no later than 3 years after the effective date of State plan approval, but no later than 5 years after EPA promulgates the guidelines. Section 111(d) of the CAA further requires that the procedures for submitting a State plan must be similar to the procedures for submitting State implementation plans under CAA section 110. (The EPA has established specific procedures in 40 CFR part 60, subpart B.) Sections 111(d) and 129(b) of the CAA also require EPA to develop, implement, and enforce a Federal plan if a State fails to submit a satisfactory State plan. III. Summary of the Proposed Rules
A. Do the Proposed Rules Apply to Me?
The proposed rules apply to you if you own or operate either of the following:
(1) An incineration unit burning municipal solid waste (MSW) (as
defined in CAA section 129, 40 CFR 60.2977 of subpart EEEE, and 40 CFR
60.3078 of subpart FFFF) with a capacity less than 35 tpd, or
(2) An incineration unit located at an institutional facility
burning institutional waste (as defined in 40 CFR 60.2977 of subpart
EEEE and 40 CFR 60.3078 of subpart FFFF) generated at that facility.
If your incineration unit is currently meeting emission limitations and other requirements of another CAA section 129 regulation (i.e., small or large municipal waste combustion (MWC) units; hospital, medical, infectious waste incineration units (HMIWI units); or commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units (CISWI units)), the proposed rules do not apply to you. Likewise, if your institutional combustion unit is covered under the CAA section 112 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers and process heaters (boilers NESHAP), it would not be subject to the proposed rules. Certain types of combustion units listed in 40 CFR 60.2887 of subpart EEEE and 40 CFR 60.2993 of subpart FFFF are also excluded from the proposed rules.
If you began construction of your OSWI unit on or before December 9, 2004, it is considered an existing OSWI unit and would be subject to the proposed emission guidelines. If you began construction of your OSWI unit after December 9, 2004, it is considered a new OSWI unit and would be subject to the proposed NSPS.
If you began reconstruction or modification of your OSWI unit prior to [DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER DATE FINAL RULE IS PUBLISHED IN THE Federal Register], it is considered an existing unit and would be subject to the emission guidelines. Likewise, if you began reconstruction or modification of your OSWI unit on or after [DATE 6 MONTHS AFTER DATE FINAL RULE IS PUBLISHED IN THE Federal Register], it is considered a new OSWI unit and would be subject to the NSPS.
B. What Emission Limits Must I Meet?
As the owner or operator of a new or existing OSWI unit, you would be required to meet the emission limits specified in Table 1 of this preamble. You would be required to conduct a performance test to show compliance within 60 days after a new OSWI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after the unit's initial startup.
As the owner or operator of an existing OSWI unit, you would be
required to meet the emission limits specified in Table 1 of this
preamble within 3 years after the effective date of State plan approval
or when EPA promulgates a Federal plan, but no later than 5 years after
[DATE THE FINAL RULE IS PUBLISHED IN THE Federal Register].
Table 1.Emission Limits for New and Existing OSWI Units
And determine
You must meet these compliance using
For these pollutants emission limits a these methods b,
c
Cd............................ 18 micrograms per dry EPA Method 29 standard cubic meter
([mu]g/dscm).
CO............................ 5.0 parts per million EPA Methods 10,
dry volume (ppmdv). 10A or 10B
Dioxins/Furans (total mass 33 nanograms per dry EPA Method 23 basis). standard cubic meter
(ng/dscm).
HCl........................... 3.7 ppmdv............ EPA Method 26A
Pb............................ 226 [mu]g/dscm....... EPA Method 29
Hg............................ 74 [mu]g/dscm........ EPA Method 29
Opacity....................... 10%.................. EPA Method 9
NOX........................... 103 ppmdv............ EPA Methods 7,
7A, 7C, 7D, or
7E d
PM............................ 0.013 grains per dry EPA Method 5 or standard cubic foot 29
(gr/dscf).
SO2........................... 3.1 ppmdv............ EPA Method 6 or
6C e
a All emission limits (except opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions.
b These methods are in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
[[Page 71476]]
c Compliance with the CO emission limit is determined on a 3hour
rolling average basis using continuous emission monitoring system
data. Compliance for the other pollutants' emission limits is determined by stack testing.
d ASME PTC 19101981Part 10 is an acceptable alternative to only Methods 7 and 7C.
e ASME PTC 19101981Part 10 is an acceptable alternative to Method 6 only.
C. What Operating Limits Must I Meet?
If you use a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limits, you
would be required to establish the maximum and minimum sitespecific
operating limits indicated in Table 2 of this preamble. You would then
be required to operate the OSWI unit so that the charge rate does not
exceed the established maximum charge rate. You would be required to
operate the wet scrubber so that the pressure drop or amperage,
scrubber liquor flow rate, and scrubber liquor pH do not fall below the minimum established operating limits.
Table 2.Operating Limits for New and Existing OSWI Units Using Wet Scrubbers
You must establish these And monitor continuously using these
For these operating parameters operating limits recording times
Charge rate.......................... Maximum charge rate.......... Every hour
Pressure drop across the wet Minimum pressure drop or Every 15 minutes scrubber, or amperage to the wet amperage.
scrubber.
Scrubber liquor flow rate............ Minimum flow rate............ Every 15 minutes
Scrubber liquor pH................... Minimum pH................... Every 15 minutes
Note: Compliance is determined on a 3hour rolling average basis, except charge rate for batch incinerators, which is determined on a 24hour basis.
If you use an air pollution control device other than a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limits, you would be required to petition the Administrator for other sitespecific operating limits to be established during the initial performance test and continuously monitored thereafter. The information you must include in your petition is described in 40 CFR 60.2917 of subpart EEEE and 40 CFR 60.3024 of subpart FFFF.
D. What Are the Other Requirements?
As the owner or operator of a new or existing OSWI unit, you would be required to meet the following additional requirements.
Siting Analysis (new units only):
Waste Management Plan:
Operator Training and Qualification Requirements:
Testing Requirements:
Monitoring Requirements:
Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements:
The proposed rules establish opacity limitations for air curtain OSWI units burning:
The opacity limit is 10 percent. However, 35 percent opacity is allowed during startup periods that are within the first 30 minutes of operation. Air curtain incinerators burning only these materials would be required to meet the opacity limits and apply for and obtain a title V operating permit, but would be exempt from the other requirements of the proposed rules.
Air curtain incinerators burning other institutional waste or municipal waste would be required to meet the proposed rules including all emission limits in Table 1 of this preamble and the associated testing, permitting, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements.
F. What Title V Permit Requirements Must I Meet?
All new and existing OSWI units would be required to apply for and obtain a title V permit. These title V operating permits would assure compliance with all applicable requirements for OSWI units, including all applicable CAA section 129 requirements. (See 40 CFR 70.6(a)(1), 70.2, 71.6(a)(1) and 71.2.)
When a CAA section 129 source is required to apply for a title V
permit depends on when the source first becomes subject to the relevant title V
[[Page 71477]]
permits program. If an OSWI unit is a new unit and is not subject to an
earlier permit application deadline, a complete title V permit
application must be submitted on or before one of the following dates:
1. For an OSWI unit that commenced operation as a new source as of the promulgation date of 40 CFR part 60, subpart EEEE, then a complete title V permit application must be submitted not later than 12 months after the promulgation date of 40 CFR part 60, subpart EEEE.
2. For an OSWI unit that does not commence operation as a new source until after the promulgation of 40 CFR part 60, subpart EEEE, then a complete title V permit application must be submitted not later than 12 months after the date the OSWI unit commences operation as a new source. (See CAA section 503(c) and 40 CFR 70.5(a)(1)(i) and 71.5(a)(1)(i).)
If your OSWI unit is an existing unit and is not subject to an earlier permit application deadline, a complete title V permit application must be submitted by the earlier of the following dates:
1. Twelve months after the effective date of any applicable EPA approved CAA section 111(d)/129 plan (i.e., an approved State or Tribal plan that implements the OSWI emission guidelines).
2. Twelve months after the effective date of any applicable Federal plan.
3. Thirtysix months after promulgation of 40 CFR part 60, subpart FFFF.
For any existing OSWI unit not subject to an earlier permit application deadline, the application deadline of 36 months after the promulgation of 40 CFR part 60, subpart FFFF, applies regardless of whether or when any applicable Federal plan is effective, or whether or when any applicable CAA section 111(d)/129 plan is approved by EPA and becomes effective. (See CAA sections 129(e), 503(c), 503(d), and 502(a) and 40 CFR 70.5(a)(1)(i) and 71.5(a)(1)(i).)
If your OSWI unit is subject to title V as a result of some triggering requirement(s) other than those mentioned above (for example, an OSWI unit may be a major source or part of a major source), then your unit may be required to apply for a title V permit prior to the deadlines specified above. If more than one requirement triggers a source's obligation to apply for a title V permit, the 12month time frame for filing a title V permit application is triggered by the requirement that first causes the source to be subject to title V. (See CAA section 503(c) and 40 CFR 70.3(a) and (b), 70.5(a)(1)(i), 71.3(a) and (b), and 71.5(a)(1)(i).)
For additional background information on the interface between CAA
section 129 and title V, including EPA's interpretation of section
129(e), information on updating existing title V permit applications
and reopening existing title V permits, see the final Federal Plan for
Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators, October 3, 2003 (68 FR 57518, 57532).
IV. Rationale for the Proposed Rules
A. How Did EPA Determine Which Pollution Sources Would Be Regulated Under the Proposed Rules?
Section 129(a) of the CAA requires the promulgation of standards for several categories of solid waste combustion units, including units combusting municipal waste; units combusting hospital, medical and infectious waste; units combusting commercial or industrial waste; and unspecified ``other categories of solid waste incineration units.'' The subject of the proposed rules is the unspecified other categories of solid waste incineration units.
One important part of EPA's rulemaking process is determining what universe of sources will be subject to regulation. With regard to OSWI units, the statutory provisions of CAA sections 129(a), (g) and (h) make it clear that EPA must determine, as a part of the regulatory process, (1) where to draw the line between combustion units potentially subject to regulation under CAA section 129 and combustion units potentially subject to regulation under other statutory authority (such as CAA section 112(d)), and (2) to which categories of solid waste combustion units the standards for ``other categories of solid waste incineration units'' apply. For example, the reference in CAA section 129(g)(1) to a permit issued under section 3005 of the SWDA, refers to units burning hazardous solid waste. This effectively limits the scope of EPA's authority under CAA section 129 to the regulation of solid waste incineration units that burn nonhazardous solid waste. Similarly, the language of CAA section 129(h) makes clear the Congressional intent for CAA regulation under CAA section 129 or CAA section 112 to be mutually exclusive. Accordingly, sources subject to CAA section 112 standards do not constitute OSWI (the dividing line between boilers regulated under CAA section 112 and OSWI is discussed in detail below). Absence of regulation under CAA section 112, however, is not determinative of what constitutes an OSWI unit. Inherent in EPA's implementation of CAA section 129 is the discretion to reasonably define what constitutes the statutorily undefined other categories of solid waste incineration units and to determine which of these other units warrant regulation under CAA section 129.
In response to the requirement to publish a schedule for regulation of other categories of solid waste incineration units, a Federal Register notice (58 FR 31358, June 2, 1993) was published that proposed a regulatory schedule and a draft list of potential subcategories for consideration of regulation under OSWI standards. After receiving comments on the June 1993 notice, another Federal Register notice (58 FR 58498, November 2, 1993) was published to include comments received on the draft category list and proposed regulatory schedule. The November 1993 notice listed the following potential subcategories of
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
Ms. Mary Johnson or Mr. Fred Porter,
Combustion Group, Emission Standards Division (C43901), U.S. EPA,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 5415025 or (919) 5415251; email address:
johnson.mary@epa.gov or porter.fred@epa.gov.
Organization of This Document. The following outline is provided to aid in locating information in this preamble.
I. General Information
A. Does This Action Apply To Me?
B. What Should I Consider as I Prepare My Comments for EPA?
II. Background Information
A. What Is the Statutory Authority for the Proposed Rules?
B. What Are New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)?
C. What Are Emission Guidelines?
D. How Are the Emission Guidelines Implemented?
III. Summary of the Proposed Rules
A. Do the Proposed Rules Apply To Me?
B. What Emission Limits Must I Meet?
C. What Operating Limits Must I Meet?
D. What Are the Other Requirements?
E. What Are the Requirements for Air Curtain Incinerators?
F. What Title V Permit Requirements Must I Meet? IV. Rationale for the Proposed Rules
A. How Did EPA Determine Which Pollution Sources Would Be Regulated Under the Proposed Rules?
B. How Did EPA Select the Pollutants To Be Regulated?
C. How Did EPA Select the Format for the Proposed Rules? [[Page 71473]]
D. How Did EPA Determine the Proposed Emission Limits for New OSWI Units?
E. How Did EPA Determine the Proposed Emission Limits for Existing OSWI Units?
F. How Did EPA Determine Testing and Monitoring Requirements for the Proposed Rules?
G. How Did EPA Determine Compliance Times for the Proposed Rules?
H. How Did EPA Determine the Required Records and Reports for the Proposed Rules?
I. How Did EPA Determine Operator Training and Qualification Requirements for the Proposed Rules?
J. How Did EPA Determine the Waste Management Plan Requirements for the Proposed Rules?
K. How did EPA Determine the Siting Requirements for New Units for the Proposed Rules?
V. Impacts of the Proposed Rules for New Units
A. What Are the Air Impacts?
B. What Are the Water and Solid Waste Impacts?
C. What Are the Energy Impacts?
D. What Are the Cost and Economic Impacts?
VI. Impacts of the Proposed Rules for Existing Units
A. What Are the Air Impacts?
B. What Are the Water and Solid Waste Impacts?
C. What Are the Energy Impacts?
D. What Are the Cost and Economic Impacts?
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
A. Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health and Safety Risks
H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution or Use
I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act