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FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Federal Communications Commission
CFR Citation: 47 CFR Part 76
Docket ID: [MB Docket No. 05-181; FCC 05-92]
NOTICE: PROPOSED RULES
ACTION: Common carrier services:
DOCUMENT ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.
SUBJECT CATEGORY: Implementation of Section 210 of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 To Amend Section 338 of the Communications Act
DATES: Comments for this proceeding are due on or before June 8, 2005; reply comments are due on or before June 23, 2005. Written comments on the proposed information collection requirements contained in this document must be submitted by the public, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and other interested parties on or before July 8, 2005.
DOCUMENT SUMMARY: In this document, the Commission proposes rules to implement section 210 of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (``SHVERA''). The Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (SHVERA) was enacted on December 8, 2004 as title IX of the ``Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005.'' This proceeding to implement section 210 of SHVERA is one of a number of Commission proceedings that will be required to implement SHVERA.
SUMMARY: Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (SHVERA) implementation—; Section 338 of the Communications Act; amendments,
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
This is a summary of the Commission's Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM), FCC 0592, adopted on April 29, 2005, and released on May 2, 2005. The full text of this document is available for public inspection and copying during regular business hours in the FCC Reference Center, Federal Communications Commission, 445 12th Street, SW., CYA257, Washington, DC 20554. These documents will also be available via ECFS (http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/ecfs/). (Documents will be available electronically in ASCII, Word 97, and/or Adobe Acrobat.) The complete text may be purchased from the Commission's copy contractor, 445 12th Street, SW., Room CYB402, Washington, DC 20554. To request this document in accessible formats [[Page 24351]](computer diskettes, large print, audio recording, and Braille), send an email to fcc504@fcc.gov or call the Commission's Consumer and Governmental Affairs Bureau at (202) 4180530 (voice), (202) 4180432 (TTY).
Initial Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Analysis
This document contains proposed information collection
requirements. The Commission, as part of its continuing effort to
reduce paperwork burdens, invites the general public and the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) to comment on the information collection
requirements contained in this document, as required by the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995, Public Law 10413. Public and agency comments
are due July 8, 2005. Comments should address: (a) Whether the proposed
collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of
the functions of the Commission, including whether the information
shall have practical utility; (b) the accuracy of the Commission's
burden estimates; (c) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity
of the information collected; and (d) ways to minimize the burden of
the collection of information on the respondents, including the use of
automated collection techniques or other forms of information
technology. In addition, pursuant to the Small Business Paperwork
Relief Act of 2002, Public Law 107198, see 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4), we
seek specific comment on how we might ``further reduce the information
collection burden for small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees.''
OMB Control Number: 30600980.
Title: SHVERA Rules; Implementation of Section 210 of the Satellite
Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (Broadcast Signal Carriage Issues, Retransmission Consent Issues).
Form No.: Not applicable.
Type of Review: Revision of a currently approved collection.
Respondents: Business or other forprofit entities.
Estimated Number of Respondents: 7,179.
Estimated Time Per Response: 15 hours.
Frequency of Response: On occasion reporting requirement; every three years reporting requirement.
Estimated Total Annual Burden: 10,196 hours.
Estimated Total Annual Costs: $30,000.
Privacy Act Impact Assessment: No impact(s).
Needs and Uses: On April 29, 2005, the Commission adopted a Notice of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM), In the Matter of the Implementation of Section 210 of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 to Amend Section 338 of the Communications Act, MB Docket No. 05181, FCC 0592. The NPRM proposed amendments to 47 CFR 76.66 to implement section 210 of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (``SHVERA''). Section 210 of the SHVERA amends section 338(a) of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, (``Communications Act'' or ``Act''). Section 338 governs the carriage of local television broadcast stations by satellite carriers. In general, the SHVERA amends this section to require satellite carriers to carry both the analog and digital signals of television broadcast stations in local markets in noncontiguous States (including Alaska and Hawaii), and to provide these signals to substantially all of their subscribers in each station's local market by December 8, 2005 for analog signals and by June 8, 2007 for digital signals.
On March 28, 2005, the Commission adopted an Order, FCC 0581, Implementation of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and
Reauthorization Act of 2004 (``SHVERA''), Procedural Rules, to
implement procedural rules as required by the SHVERA. The SHVERA is the
third statute that addresses satellite carriage of television broadcast
stations. The 2004 SHVERA gives satellite carriers the additional
option to carry Commissiondetermined ``significantly viewed'' outof
market signals to subscribers. The SHVERA requires the Commission to
undertake several proceedings to implement new rules, revise existing
rules, and conduct studies. The Procedural Rules Order to implement
sections 202, 205, and 209 of the SHVERA is one of a number of
Commission proceedings that will be required to implement the SHVERA. Summary of the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
I. Introduction
1. In this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, NPRM, we propose rules to
implement section 210 of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and
Reauthorization Act of 2004 (``SHVERA''). The Satellite Home Viewer
Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (SHVERA), Pub. L. 108447,
section 210, 118 Stat 2809 (2004). SHVERA was enacted on December 8,
2004, as title IX of the ``Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005.''
This proceeding to implement section 210 of SHVERA is one of a number
of Commission proceedings that will be required to implement SHVERA.
The other proceedings will be undertaken and largely completely in
2005; see section 202 of the SHVERA (entitled ``Significantly Viewed
Signals Permitted To Be Carried''), SHVERA NPRM, MB Docket No. 0549,
FCC 0524, 2005 WL 289026 (rel. Feb. 7, 2005); sections 202, 204, 205,
207, 208, 209 and 210 of the SHVERA; see also Public Notice, ``Media
Bureau Seeks Comment for Inquiry Required by the SHVERA on Rules
Affecting Competition in the Television Marketplace,'' MB Docket No.
0528, DA 05169 (rel. Jan. 25, 2005) (Public Notice regarding Inquiry
required by section 208 of the SHVERA concerning the impact of certain
rules and statutory provisions on competition in the television
marketplace); Implementation of Section 207 of the Satellite Home
Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004, Reciprocal Bargaining
Obligations, MB Docket No. 0589, FCC 0549 (rel. Mar. 7. 2005); and
Procedural Rules, FCC 0581 (rel. March 30, 2005) (Order implementing
rule revisions required by sections 202, 205, and 209). Section 210 of
the SHVERA amends section 338(a) of the Communications Act of 1934, as
amended, (``Communications Act'' or ``Act''). Section 338 governs the
carriage of local television broadcast stations by satellite carriers;
see 47 U.S.C. 338. In general, the SHVERA amends this section to
require satellite carriers to carry both the analog and digital signals
of television broadcast stations in local markets in noncontiguous
states, including Alaska and Hawaii, and to provide these signals to
substantially all of their subscribers in each station's local market
by December 8, 2005 for analog signals and by June 8, 2007 for digital
signals; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4) (as amended by section 210 of the SHVERA).
II. Background
A. Satellite Home Viewer Act (SHVA) and Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act of 1999 (SHVIA)
2. In 1988, Congress passed the Satellite Home Viewer Act
(``SHVA''), which established a statutory copyright license for
satellite carriers to offer subscribers access to broadcast programming
via satellite when they are unable to receive the signal of a broadcast
station over the air (that is, an ``unserved'' household). The
Satellite Home Viewer Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100667, 102 Stat. 3935, Title II (1988)
[[Page 24352]]
(codified at 17 U.S.C. 111, 119). SHVA was enacted on November 16,
1988, as an amendment to the copyright laws. SHVA gave satellite
carriers a statutory license to offer signals to ``unserved''
households. 17 U.S.C. 119(a). In 1999, Congress enacted the Satellite
Home Viewer Improvement Act (``SHVIA''), which expanded on the 1988
SHVA by amending both the 1988 copyright laws, and the Communications
Act to permit satellite carriers to retransmit local broadcast
television signals directly to subscribers in the station's local
market (``localintolocal'' service) without requiring that they be in
``unserved'' households; see 17 U.S.C. 119 and 122, 47 U.S.C. 325, 338
and 339. The Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act of 1999, Pub. L.
106113, 113 Stat. 1501 (1999) (codified in scattered sections of 17
and 47 U.S.C.). SHVIA was enacted on November 29, 1999, as Title I of
the Intellectual Property and Communications Omnibus Reform Act of 1999
(``IPACORA'') (relating to copyright licensing and carriage of
broadcast signals by satellite carriers). The SHVIA created the
copyright license to provide local signals to subscribers regardless of whether they were ``unserved;'' see 17 U.S.C. 122.
3. A satellite carrier provides ``localintolocal'' service when
it retransmits a local television station's signal back into the local
market of the television station for reception by subscribers. If a
carrier carries one or more stations in the market pursuant to the
statutory copyright license, it is required to carry all of the other
local stations in the local market, upon the station's request (that
is, the ``carryone, carryall'' requirement); see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(1).
Generally, a television station's ``local market'' is the designated
market area (``DMA'') in which it is located. Section 340(i)(1) (as
amended by section 202 of the SHVERA), defines the term ``local
market'' by using the definition in 17 U.S.C. 122(j)(2): ``The term
`local market,' in the case of both commercial and noncommercial
television broadcast stations, means the designated market area in
which a station is located, and(i) in the case of a commercial
television broadcast station, all commercial television broadcast
stations licensed to a community within the same designated market area
are within the same local market; and (ii) in the case of a
noncommercial educational television broadcast station, the market
includes any station that is licensed to a community within the same
designated market area as the noncommercial educational television
broadcast station.'' DMAs describe each television market in terms of a
unique geographic area, and are established by Nielsen Media Research
based on measured viewing patterns; see 17 U.S.C. 122(j)(2)(A)(C).
There are 210 DMAs that encompass all counties in the 50 United States,
except for certain areas in Alaska. Alaska has three DMAs situated
around major population centers, but most of the State, which is
sparsely populated, is not included in DMAs. A satellite carrier
choosing to provide such localintolocal service is generally
obligated to carry any qualified local station in a particular DMA that
has made a timely election for mandatory carriage, unless the station's
programming is duplicative of the programming of another station
carried by the carrier in the DMA, or the station does not provide a
good quality signal to the carrier's local receive facility; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(1), (b)(1) and (c)(1).
B. Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004 (SHVERA)
4. In December 2004, Congress passed and the President signed the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004. SHVERA again amends the 1988 copyright laws and the Communications Act to further aid the competitiveness of satellite carriers and expand program offerings for satellite subscribers; see 47 U.S.C. 325, 338, 339 and 340. Section 102 of SHVERA creates a new 17 U.S.C. 119(a)(3) to provide satellite carriers with a statutory copyright license to offer ``significantly viewed'' signals as part of their local service to subscribers. This rulemaking is required to implement provisions in section 210 of the SHVERA concerning satellite carriage of local stations in the noncontiguous states, including Alaska and Hawaii; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4).
III. Discussion
5. Section 210 of the SHVERA amends section 338(a) of the
Communications Act to require satellite carriers with more than five
million subscribers in the United States to carry the analog and
digital signals of each television broadcast station licensed in local
markets ``within a State that is not part of the contiguous United
States.'' Analog signals are required to be carried by December 8,
2005, and digital signals by June 8, 2007. A carrier is required to
provide these signals to substantially all of its subscribers in each
station's local market. In addition, a satellite carrier is required to
make available the stations that it carries in at least one local
market to substantially all of its subscribers located outside of local
markets and in the same State. The SHVERA also mandates that satellite
carriers may not charge subscribers for these local signals more than
they charge subscribers in other States to receive local market
television stations. Although most of the requirements imposed by the
new section 338(a)(4) are selfeffectuating, the SHVERA requires the
Commission to promulgate regulations concerning the timing of carriage
elections by stations in local markets in the noncontiguous states; see
47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4) (as amended by the SHVERA), which provides: (4)
CARRIAGE OF SIGNALS OF LOCAL STATIONS IN CERTAIN MARKETSA satellite
carrier that offers multichannel video programming distribution service
in the United States to more than 5,000,000 subscribers shall (A)
within 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Satellite Home
Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004, retransmit the
signals originating as analog signals of each television broadcast
station located in any local market within a State that is not part of
the contiguous United States, and (B) within 30 months after such date
of enactment retransmit the signals originating as digital signals of
each such station. The retransmissions of such stations shall be made
available to substantially all of the satellite carrier's subscribers
in each station's local market, and the retransmissions of the stations
in at least one market in the State shall be made available to
substantially all of the satellite carrier's subscribers in areas of
the State that are not within a designated market area. The cost to
subscribers of such retransmissions shall not exceed the cost of
retransmissions of local television stations in other States. Within 1
year after the date of enactment of that Act, the Commission shall
promulgate regulations concerning elections by television stations in
such State between mandatory carriage pursuant to this section and
retransmission consent pursuant to section 325(b), which shall take
into account the schedule on which local television stations are made
available to viewers in such State. As required by the SHVERA, we open
this rulemaking proceeding and seek comments on implementation of the
SHVERA's amendments to section 338(a) of the Act, on rule proposals in
this NPRM, and tentative conclusions regarding these rules. The
proposed rules are in the Appendix to this NPRM. These amendments apply
only to satellite service in the noncontiguous states. The existing
signal carriage provisions in section 76.66 also continue to apply to satellite service in
[[Page 24353]]
the noncontiguous states, where relevant and not inconsistent with the rules proposed in this proceeding; see 47 CFR 76.66.
A. Satellite Carriers With More Than 5,000,000 Subscribers
6. The SHVERA adds subsection 338(a)(4) to the Act, which applies to a ``satellite carrier that offers multichannel video programming distribution service in the United States to more than 5,000,000 subscribers;'' see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). We include this limitation in the proposed new section 76.66(b)(2). This provision applies to satellite carriers that have more than five million subscribers in 2005 and, in the future, to any carriers with more than five million subscribers. Currently, DirecTV and EchoStar qualify under this definition. We seek comments regarding the proposed rule.
B. Noncontiguous States
7. Section 210 of SHVERA applies to ``a State that is not part of the contiguous United States;'' see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). In the Communications Act, the definition of ``State'' includes ``the Territories and possessions;'' see 47 U.S.C. 153(40). We seek comment on whether ``State'' as used in the SHVERA includes the noncontiguous territories and possessions of the United States, including but not limited to Puerto Rico and Guam and whether considerations such as a satellite provider's regulatory authorizations and/or actual service area are relevant to interpreting the obligation under section 338(a)(4) to serve ``noncontiguous states.'' We note that territories in the Pacific, such as Guam, are in a different International Telecommunication Union (``ITU'') region. The contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands are located in ITU Region 2 and have orbital assignments in the Region 2 BSS Plan. Guam, the Northern Marianas, Wake Island and Palmyra Island are located in ITU Region 3 and have orbital assignments in the Region 3 BSS plan at 122.0[deg] E.L., 121.80[deg] E.L., 140.0[deg] E.L. and 170.0[deg] E.L. respectively. We seek comment on the impact of regulatory differences (e.g., use of different frequency bands) between ITU regions in providing service to these locations. Spot beam technology may allow coverage of widely spaced areas if visible from the satellite location. Many areas are not visible to all satellites. For example, Guam is below the horizon for United States allocations east of 148[deg] W.L. Previously the Commission recognized that contiguous United States (``CONUS'') antenna beams modified to include Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands could divert power from other regions and potentially adversely affect the services of other countries. We seek comment on satellite carriers' current capability to serve these areas using current or planned technology.
C. Analog and Digital Signals
8. The SHVERA requirements for satellite carriage to the noncontiguous states differ significantly from the existing satellite broadcast carriage requirements, both in scope and timing. Currently, under the Communications Act and Commission rules implementing the Act, satellite carriers choose whether to rely on the statutory copyright license in section 122 of title 17 to offer ``localintolocal service,'' which in turn triggers the carryone, carryall obligation; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(1) and 47 CFR 76.66(b), Implementation of the Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act of 1999, 16 FCC Rcd 1918 (2000) 16 FCC Rcd 16544 (2001) (``DBS Must Carry Reconsideration Order''). The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit upheld the constitutional validity of SHVIA and the reasonableness of the Commission's rules promulgated thereunder; see Satellite Broadcasting and Communications Ass'n v. FCC, 275 F.3d 337 (2001), cert. denied, 536 U.S. 922 (2002). The Communications Act, moreover, prohibits a multichannel video programming distributor from retransmitting the signal of a broadcast station unless it has ``the express authority'' of the station. 47 U.S.C. 325(b)(1)(A), 17 U.S.C. 122(a) (as amended by section 1002 of the SHVIA) and 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(1) (as amended by section 1008 of the SHVIA). Satellite carriers are not currently required to offer local intolocal service in all markets. The question of satellite carriage obligations concerning a station's digital signal is currently pending before the Commission.
9. The new SHVERA provision for noncontiguous states supersedes carryone, carryall and the pending digital carriage rulemaking proceeding by mandating dual analog and digital carriage in the noncontiguous states. A satellite carrier with more than five million subscribers is required by the SHVERA to retransmit the analog signals of each television station in local markets in the noncontiguous states to subscribers in those local markets by December 8, 2005 (one year after enactment of the SHVERA). The SHVERA expands this requirement to include the digital signals of each station no later than June 8, 2007 (30 months after enactment of SHVERA). If any or all of the local stations in the noncontiguous states are still broadcasting analog signals as well as digital signals, as of June 8, 2007, the SHVERA requirement mandates dual must carry. The Communciations Act provides for termination of analog signal licenses as of December 31, 2006, unless local stations request an extension and demonstrate that one or more criteria exist in their markets; see 47 U.S.C. 309(j)(14) (criteria include the socalled ``85% test''). Section 210 of the SHVERA, which adds the carriage obligations for stations in noncontiguous states (section 338(a)(4)), requires carriage of ``signals originating as analog signals'' and ``signals originating as digital signals'' with no mention of a term such as ``primary video,'' the term used in the cable mandatory carriage provisions. 47 U.S.C. 534(b)(3) and 535(g). The Commission recently concluded that the statutory term relating to cable mandatory carriage, ``primary video,'' was ambiguous with respect to whether it requires cable operators to carry broadcasters' multicast signals. Faced with an ambiguous statute, the Commission did not require mandatory carriage of multicast signals by cable systems. The SHVERA provision before us contains no such ambiguity. Moreover, we note that section 210 uses the plural term ``signals,'' requiring satellite carriers to retransmit the signals originating as digital signals of each such station; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). In sum, this SHVERA amendment to section 338 does not contain any limitation on the nature of the broadcast signal that satellite operators must carry in the noncontiguous states. We believe, therefore, that the amendment requires that satellite carriers carry all multicast signals of each station in noncontiguous states and carry the high definition digital signals of stations in noncontiguous states in high definition format. We note that satellite carriage of high definition local signals is also under review in the ongoing broadcast carriage rulemaking docket in the context of applying the statutory prohibition on material degradation. We seek comment on these interpretations, and any alternative construction of the SHVERA as the statute relates to the carriage of multicast and/or high definition signals; see MB Docket Nos. 98120 and 0096, WHDT v. Echostar, 18 FCC Rcd 396 (MB 2003) (``WHDT Order'').
D. Carriage Election by Stations
10. Section 210 of the SHVERA expressly requires only that the Commission promulgate regulations
[[Page 24354]]
concerning the timing of the carriage elections related to the new
carriage provisions in the noncontiguous states. Section 210 of the
SHVERA also refers to the ``cost to subscribers of such transmissions''
but does not require rules for implementation. The Commission does not
regulate rates, costs or prices for satellite service to subscribers.
In this proceeding we propose regulations to implement the timing
required by the carriage requirements in the noncontiguous states, and
we will otherwise apply the rules pertaining to satellite carriage as
they were adopted to implement section 338 pursuant to the SHVIA; see
47 U.S.C. 338(a)(1), (b)(1), and (c), 47 CFR 76.66(g) and (h).
Therefore, carriage is mandated in the noncontiguous states for the
above dates in 2005 and 2007 when requested by a television station;
see proposed rule section 76.66(b)(2). The carriage procedures for
stations in the noncontiguous states shall follow the existing
requirements, except with respect to the carriage election process, as
proposed here; see proposed rule section 76.66(c)(6). Noncommercial
television stations do not elect carriage because they cannot elect
retransmission consent; see 47 U.S.C. 325(b)(2)(A). They are entitled
to mandatory carriage; see 47 U.S.C. 338, proposed rule section
76.66(c)(6). They are entitled to mandatory carriage; see 47 U.S.C.
338. We invite comment on these interpretations and proposals.
11. The analog signal carriage requirement mandated by the SHVERA
for satellite carriers serving noncontiguous states commences several
weeks before the carriage cycle that applies to satellite carriers and
broadcast stations in the contiguous states, which commences January 1,
2006, and continues until December 31, 2008; see 47 CFR 76.66(c). The
carriage election process enables stations to choose between carriage pursuant to retransmission consent or mandatory carriage.
Retransmission consent is based on an agreement between a broadcast
station and satellite carrier, and includes a station's authorization
and terms for allowing its broadcast signal to be carried; see 47
U.S.C. 325(b). Broadcast stations and satellite carriers are required
to negotiate retransmission consent agreements in good faith; see 47
U.S.C. 338(b)(3)(c). If a station elects mustcarry status, it is, in
general, entitled to insist without other terms that the satellite
carrier carry its signal in its local market; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a), 47 CFR 76.66(c).
12. To implement the carriage election timing requirements in section 210 of the SHVERA, we propose to track the existing regulations as closely as possible so that carriage elections in the noncontiguous states will be synchronized with carriage elections in the contiguous states quickly and smoothly. This synchronization is intended to make the process simple and certain for both the local stations and the satellite carriers. The first satellite carriage cycle (pursuant to the SHVIA) will end on December 31, 2005. The carriage election deadline for the second cycle is October 1, 2005, for carriage beginning January 1, 2006; see 47 CFR 76.66(c)(4). Because the analog carriage requirement in the noncontiguous states is effective only 24 days earlier, December 8, 2005, we propose to keep the same election deadline of October 1, 2005. Thus, television broadcast stations in a local market in the noncontiguous states would be required to make a retransmission consentmandatory carriage (must carry) election by October 1, 2005, which is the same deadline as for local stations in localintolocal markets in the contiguous states; see proposed section 76.66(c)(6). Carriage pursuant to a mandatory carriage election in the contiguous states will begin on January 1, 2006, and carriage under our proposed rules for noncontiguous states would begin by December 8, 2005; see 47 CFR 76.66(c)(2).
13. With respect to carriage of the digital signals of stations in a noncontiguous state, we propose that the retransmission consentmust carry election by a television station in a local market in the noncontiguous states should be a twostep process with one election that applies to the analog signal carriage, which commences December 8, 2005, and a second carriage election that would govern carriage of the digital signal; see proposed rule section 76.66(c)(6). Carriage of signals originating as digital must commence by June, 8, 2007, but may begin pursuant to retransmission consent at any time. The deadline for the second carriage election, for digital carriage, would be April 1, 2007, two months before carriage must commence. Alternatively, the station's election by October 1, 2005, for its analog signal, could also apply to its digital signal, for which mandatory carriage will commence by June 8, 2007. We seek comment on our proposed twostep approach and on the alternative of a single election. Two separate elections would be consistent with the Commission's Cable Must Carry decision in 2001 which permits stations broadcasting both analog and digital signals to elect must carry for their analog signal and retransmission consent for their digital signal. We believe that, regardless of whether the carriage election is twostep or onestep, stations in the noncontiguous states should be permitted to elect must carry for their analog signals and negotiate for carriage of the digital signals via retransmission consent before the mandatory digital signal carriage takes effect. That is, until the digital carriage rights for local stations in the noncontiguous states take effect as of June 8, 2007, stations should be permitted to separately negotiate for voluntary carriage of their digital signals even if they elect mandatory carriage for their analog signals; see proposed section 76.66(c)(6). We seek comment on these proposals.
14. After the initial carriage cycle in the noncontiguous states, the election cycle provided in section 76.66(c) will apply in the future; see proposed section 76.66(c)(6). For example, the next election after the upcoming 2005 election is required by October 1, 2008, for carriage beginning January 1, 2009; see 47 CFR 76.66(c)(2) and (4). The election made by a station in 2008 would apply uniformly to both its analog and digital signals, if both signals are continuing to be broadcast.
15. A new television station in a noncontiguous state will have a right to mandatory carriage for its analog signal if it begins service after December 8, 2005, and for its digital signal if it begins service after June 8, 2007. New stations should follow section 76.66(d)(3) of the Commission's rules to notify the satellite carrier and elect carriage; see 47 CFR 76.66(d)(3). We seek comments on our proposed rules governing the carriage election process.
E. Availability of Signals
16. The SHVERA provides that in the noncontiguous states, satellite
retransmissions of local stations ``shall be made available to
substantially all of the satellite carrier's subscribers in each
station's local market;'' see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). The SHVERA does not
define what is meant by ``substantially all'' subscribers. This wording
is consistent with the physical limitations of some satellite
technology that may not be able to reach all parts of a state or a DMA,
particularly where a spot beam is used to provide local stations. We
believe that this provision recognizes the existing physical
limitations on satellite service particularly in these noncontiguous
states. With respect to DBS service to Alaska, for example, the
Commission has stated that although reliable service usually requires a minimum elevation angle of ten degrees
[[Page 24355]]
or more, service to Alaska is often offered at elevation angles as low
as five degrees. The Commission defined elevation angle ``as the upward
tilt of an earth station antenna measured in degrees relative to the
horizontal plane (ground), that is required to aim the earth station
antenna at the satellite. When aimed at the horizon, the elevation
angle is zero. If the satellite were below the horizon, the elevation
angle would be less than zero. If the earth station antenna were tilted
to a point directly overhead, it would have an elevation angle of
90[deg];'' see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). In addition, the Commission
determined that in some areas of Alaska, from some orbit locations, the
elevation angle was less than five degrees, or even below the horizon,
thereby making service to those areas impossible. For example, the
elevation angle for Attu Island, Alaska is less than zero or below the
horizon for the 61.5[deg], 101[deg], and 110[deg] orbit locations and
only 4 for the 119[deg] location. We note, however, that satellite
carriers must abide by the geographic service rules that require
service where technically feasible. We welcome comment on the meaning
of ``substantially all of the carrier's subscribers in each station's market.''
17. We do not believe it is necessary to adopt new rules to implement this provision. This provision is similar to the Commission interpretation adopted in the implementation of the SHVIA, that satellite carriers that offer localintolocal service are not required to provide service to every subscriber in a DMA. We seek comment on whether it is necessary to adopt a rule on this point, and, if so, what it should provide.
F. Areas Outside Local Markets
18. The SHVERA also addresses the anomalous situation in Alaska, the only one of the fifty states that has areas that are not included within any DMA. The eight major islands of Hawaii are currently included within the Honolulu DMA. If the reference to ``noncontiguous States'' is read to include territories and possessions, none of them are in DMAs and would be subject to the special treatment described in section 210. The statute requires a satellite carrier in Alaska to make available the signals of all the local television stations that it carries in at least one local market to substantially all of its subscribers in areas outside of local markets who are in the same State; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). In Alaska, there are three DMAs covering the main population centers, but most of the State, which is sparsely populated, is not included in a DMA. Thus, a satellite carrier in Alaska would be required to provide the television stations that it carries in at least one of the three DMAs, in which carriage of local stations is required by section 210 of the SHVERA, to areas of the State not included in DMAs. We believe that the statute speaks for itself and that no special rule is required to implement this statutory requirement. We seek comment on this conclusion.
G. Notification by Satellite Carrier
19. Section 210 of the SHVERA does not expressly require revisions
to the existing notification procedures in connection with the new
carriage requirements in the noncontiguous states. However, to ensure
that the purpose of section 210 is achieved, we seek comment on whether
to require satellite carriers with more than 5 million subscribers to
notify all television broadcast stations located in local markets in
the noncontiguous states that they are entitled to carriage of their
analog signals as of December 8, 2005, and of their digital signals as
of June 8, 2007, and that they must elect mandatory carriage or
retransmission consent by October 1, 2005 and April 1, 2007,
respectively, to be assured of carriage, as provided in sections
76.66(b)(2) and (c)(6). If required, this notification to the stations
should include a statement advising them of the opportunity to have
their analog and digital signals made available by the carrier to the
carrier's subscribers in the local market of each station. If adopted,
this notification would be required by September 1, 2005, with respect
to analog signal carriage election, and by March 1, 2007, with respect
to the carriage election for digital signals; see proposed section
76.66(d)(2)(iii). A new satellite carrier that meets this definition
after 2005 would be required to comply with section 76.66(d)(2) of the
Commission's rules regarding ``new localintolocal service'' (imposes
requirements when a new satellite carrier intends to retransmit a local
television station back into its local market); see 47 CFR 76.66(d)(2).
We seek comment on the need for this notification. We also request
comment on whether such notice should be required only for stations in
Alaska and Hawaii or also for television broadcast stations in all
noncontiguous territories and possessions. We also seek comment on the
need for a second notification 30 days prior to the second carriage
election deadline, which is proposed for April 1, 2007 for carriage of
digital signals. If, alternatively, the October 1, 2005 carriage
election applies to both the analog and digital signals of local
stations in the noncontiguous states, we propose that a second
notification would not be required prior to the commencement of
carriage of digital signals in June of 2007. We seek comment on these proposals.
IV. Procedural Matters
A. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Certification
20. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended (RFA), requires that an initial regulatory flexibility analysis be prepared for noticeandcomment rule making proceedings, unless the agency certifies that ``the rule will not, if promulgated, have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities;'' see 5 U.S.C. 605(b), 5 U.S.C. 603. The RFA, see 5 U.S.C. 601612, has been amended by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (SBREFA), Pub. L. 104121, Title II, 110 Stat. 857 (1996). The RFA generally defines the term ``small entity'' as having the same meaning as the terms ``small business,'' ``small organization,'' and ``small governmental jurisdiction;'' see 5 U.S.C. 601(6). In addition, the term ``small business'' has the same meaning as the term ``small business concern'' under the Small Business Act; see 5 U.S.C. 601(3). A ``small business concern'' is one which: (1) Is independently owned and operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and (3) satisfies any additional criteria established by the Small Business Administration (SBA); see 15 U.S.C. 632.
21. As described in this NPRM, we propose to amend section 76.66 of the Commission's rules as required by section 210 of the SHVERA. We expect these rule amendments, if adopted, will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The proposed rules contained in this NPRM, as required by statute, are intended to allow for local television stations to elect carriage pursuant to retransmission consent or mandatory carriage with respect to satellite carriers with more than 5 million subscribers in a noncontiguous state. ``Satellite carriers,'' including Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) carriers, will be directly and primarily affected by the proposed rules, if adopted.
22. The satellite carriers covered by these proposed rules fall
within the SBArecognized small business size standard of Cable and
Other Program Distribution; see 13 CFR 121.201. This size standard
provides that a small entity is one with $12.5 million or less in
annual receipts; see 13 CFR 121.201. The two satellite carriers that are subject
[[Page 24356]]
to these proposed rule amendments because they currently have more than
five million subscribers, DirecTV (DirecTV is the largest DBS operator
and the second largest MVPD, serving an estimated 13.04 million
subscribers nationwide) and EchoStar (EchoStar, which provides service
under the brand name Dish Network, is the second largest DBS operator
and the fourth largest MVPD, serving an estimated 10.12 million
subscribers nationwide), report annual revenues that are in excess of
the threshold for a small business. We anticipate that any satellite
carrier that, in the future, has more than five million subscribers
would necessarily have more than $12.5 million in annual receipts.
Thus, the entities directly affected by the proposed rules are not small entities.
23. We also note that, in addition to satellite carriers, television broadcast stations are indirectly affected by the proposed rule in that they potentially benefit from the satellite carriage required by the rule and must elect between mandatory carriage and retransmission consent. This carriage election, however, follows the existing Commission rules. These existing rules currently permit stations in the noncontiguous states to elect carriage if and when a satellite carrier offers localintolocal service in their market. The proposed rules would affect these election rights by merely providing a date certain for carriage in these specified markets, which would not have a significant economic impact.
24. Therefore, we certify that the proposed rules, if adopted, will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The Commission will send a copy of this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, including a copy of this Initial Regulatory Flexibility Certification, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the SBA; see 5 U.S.C. 605(b). This initial certification will also be published in the Federal Register; see 5 U.S.C. 605(b).
B. Initial Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Analysis
25. This NPRM has been analyzed with respect to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (``PRA''), and contains proposed information collection requirements. The Commission, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork burdens, invites the general public and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to comment on the proposed information collection requirements contained in this NPRM, as required by the PRA.
26. Written comments on the PRA proposed information collection requirements must be submitted by the public, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and other interested parties on or before July 8, 2005. Comments should address: (a) Whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the Commission, including whether the information shall have practical utility; (b) the accuracy of the Commission's burden estimates; (c) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information collected; and (d) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on the respondents, including the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. In addition, pursuant to the Small Business Paperwork Relief Act of 2002, we seek specific comment on how we might ``further reduce the information collection burden for small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees;'' Pub. L. 107198, see 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4).
27. In addition to filing comments with the Office of the
Secretary, a copy of any comments on the proposed information
collection requirements contained herein should be submitted to Cathy
Williams, Federal Communications Commission, 445 12th St, SW., Room 1
C823, Washington, DC 20554, or via the Internet to
Cathy.Williams@fcc.gov; and also to Kristy L. LaLonde, OMB Desk
Officer, Room 10234 NEOB, 725 17th Street, NW., Washington, DC 20503,
or via Internet to Kristy_L._LaLonde@omb.eop.gov, or via fax at (202) 3955167.
28. Further Information. For additional information concerning the
PRA proposed information collection requirements contained in this
NPRM, contact Cathy Williams at (202) 4182918, or via the Internet to
Cathy.Williams@fcc.gov. If you would like to obtain or view a copy of
this revised information collection, OMB Control Number 30600980, you
may do so by visiting the FCC PRA Web page at: http://www.fcc.gov/omd/pra .
C. Ex Parte Rules
29. PermitbutDisclose. This proceeding will be treated as a ``permitbutdisclose'' proceeding subject to the ``permitbut disclose'' requirements under section 1.1206(b) of the Commission's rules; see 47 CFR 1.1206(b); 47 CFR 1.1202, 1.1203. Ex parte presentations are permissible if disclosed in accordance with Commission rules, except during the Sunshine Agenda period when presentations, ex parte or otherwise, are generally prohibited. Persons making oral ex parte presentations are reminded that a memorandum summarizing a presentation must contain a summary of the substance of the presentation and not merely a listing of the subjects discussed. More than a oneor twosentence description of the views and arguments presented is generally required; see 47 CFR 1.1206(b)(2). Additional rules pertaining to oral and written presentations are set forth in section 1.1206(b).
D. Filing Requirements
30. Comments and Replies. The SHVERA requires the Commission to complete action within one year of enactment (December 8, 2004) to take account of carriage elections in light of the schedule for carriage as required in the noncontiguous states; see 47 U.S.C. 338(a)(4). The carriage election deadline is October 1, 2005 for the next carriage cycle. If the Commission waited until December 8, 2005, to implement this provision, it would be too late for stations to elect between must carry and retransmission consent for the carriage to commence on December 8, 2005. In addition, the Commission is proposing to require satellite carriers to provide notice to local stations in the noncontiguous states concerning the new carriage requirements one month prior to the carriage election deadline. Thus, the proposed notification requirement, if adopted, must be in effect by September 1, 2005, 30 days prior to the carriage election deadline of October 1, 2005, with respect to carriage of the analog signals required to commence by December 8, 2005. Consequently, the pleading cycle for comments and replies must be compressed and expedited. Pursuant to sections 1.415 and 1.419 of the Commission's rules, interested parties may file comments on or before June 6, 2005, and reply comments on or before June 20, 2005; see 47 CFR 1.415, 1419. Comments may be filed using: (1) The Commission's Electronic Comment Filing System (``ECFS''), (2) the Federal Government's eRulemaking Portal, or (3) by filing paper copies; see 13 FCC Rcd 11322 (1998).
31. Electronic Filers: Comments may be filed electronically using
the Internet by accessing the ECFS: http://www.regulations.gov. Filers should
follow the instructions provided on the Web site for submitting
comments. For ECFS filers, if multiple docket or rulemaking numbers appear in the caption of this proceeding, filers must
[[Page 24357]]
transmit one electronic copy of the comments for each docket or
rulemaking number referenced in the caption. In completing the
transmittal screen, filers should include their full name, U.S. Postal
Service mailing address, and the applicable docket or rulemaking
number. Parties may also submit an electronic comment by Internet e
mail. To get filing instructions, filers should send an email to
ecfs@fcc.gov, and include the following words in the body of the
message, ``get form.'' A sample form and directions will be sent in response.
32. Paper Filers: Parties who choose to file by paper must file an
original and four copies of each filing. If more than one docket or
rulemaking number appears in the caption of this proceeding, filers
must submit two additional copies for each additional docket or
rulemaking number. Filings can be sent by hand or messenger delivery,
by commercial overnight courier, or by firstclass or overnight U.S.
Postal Service mail (although we continue to experience delays in
receiving U.S. Postal Service mail). All filings must be addressed to
the Commission's Secretary, Office of the Secretary, Federal Communications Commission.
33. Availability of Documents. Comments, reply comments, and ex parte submissions will be available for public inspection during regular business hours in the FCC Reference Center, Federal Communications Commission, 445 12th Street, SW., CYA257, Washington, DC 20554. These documents will also be available via ECFS. Documents will be available electronically in ASCII, Word 97, and/or Adobe Acrobat.
34. Accessibility Information. To request information in accessible formats (computer diskettes, large print, audio recording, and Braille), send an email to fcc504@fcc.gov or call the FCC's Consumer and Governmental Affairs Bureau at (202) 4180530 (voice), (202) 418 0432 (TTY). This document can also be downloaded in Word and Portable Document Format (PDF) at: http://www.fcc.gov.
35. Additional Information. For additional information on this proceeding, contact Eloise Gore, Eloise.Gore@fcc.gov, or Jim Keats, Jim.Keats@fcc.gov, of the Media Bureau, Policy Division, (202) 418 2120.
V. Ordering Clauses
36. Accordingly, it is ordered that pursuant to section 210 of the Satellite Home Viewer Extension and Reauthorization Act of 2004, and sections 1, 4(i) and (j), and 338(a)(4) of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 151, 154(i) and (j), and 338(a)(4), notice is hereby given of the proposals and tentative conclusions described in this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking.
37. It is further ordered that the Consumer and Governmental
Affairs Bureau, Reference Information Center, shall send a copy of this
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, including the Initial Regulatory
Flexibility Certification, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration.
List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 76
Cable television, Television.
Federal Communications Commission.
Marlene H. Dortch,
Secretary.
Proposed Rules
For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Federal Communications Commission amends 47 CFR part 76 as follows: PART 76MULTICHANNEL VIDEO AND CABLE TELEVISION SERVICE
1. The authority citation for 47 CFR part 76 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 47 U.S.C. 151, 152, 153, 154, 301, 302a, 307, 308, 309, 312, 317, 325, 338, 339, 503, 521, 522, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 543, 544, 544a, 545, 548, 549, 552, 554, 556, 558, 560, 561, 571, 572, and 573.
2. Section 76.66 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(2) and
(c)(4), by adding paragraph (c)(6), redesignate paragraphs (d)(2)(iii)
and (d)(2)(iv) as paragraphs (d)(2)(iv) and (d)(2)(v) and by adding a new paragraph (d)(2)(iii) to read as follows:
Sec. 76.66 Satellite broadcast signal carriage.
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(2) A satellite carrier that offers multichannel video programming
distribution service in the United States to more than 5,000,000
subscribers shall, no later than December 8, 2005, carry upon request
the signal originating as an analog signal of each television broadcast
station that is located in a local market in a noncontiguous state; and
shall, no later than June 8, 2007, carry upon request the signals
originating as digital signals of each television broadcast station
that is located in a local market in a noncontiguous State. * * * * *
(c) * * *
(4) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(6), (d)(2) and (d)(3) of
this section, local commercial television broadcast stations shall make
their retransmission consentmandatory carriage election by October 1st
of the year preceding the new cycle for all election cycles after the first election cycle.
* * * * *
(6) A commercial television broadcast station located in a local
market in a noncontiguous State shall make its retransmission consent
mandatory carriage election by October 1, 2005, for carriage of its
signal that originates as an analog signal for carriage commencing on
December 8, 2005 and ending on December 31, 2008, and by April 1, 2007,
for its signal that originates as a digital signal for carriage
commencing on June 8, 2007 and ending on December 31, 2008. For analog
and digital signal carriage cycles commencing after December 31, 2008,
such stations shall follow the election cycle in paragraphs (c)(2) and
(c)(4) of this section. A noncommercial television broadcast station
located in a local market in Alaska or Hawaii must request carriage by
October 1, 2005, for carriage of its signal that originates as an
analog signal for carriage commencing on December 8, 2005 and ending on
December 31, 2008, and for its signal that originates as a digital
signal for carriage commencing on June 8, 2007 and ending on December 31, 2008.
* * * * *
(d) * * *
(2) * * *
(iii) A satellite carrier with more than five million subscribers
shall provide the notice as required by paragraphs (d)(2)(i) and
(d)(2)(ii) of this section to each television broadcast station located
in a local market in the noncontiguous States, not later than September
1, 2005 with respect to carriage of analog signals and not later than
March 1, 2007 with respect to carriage of digital signals; provided, however, that the notice shall
[[Page 24358]]
also describe the carriage requirements pursuant to section 338(a)(4)
of title 47, United States Code, and paragraph (b)(2) of this section. * * * * *
[FR Doc. 059290 Filed 5605; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 671201P
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT For additional information on this proceeding, contact Eloise Gore, Eloise.Gore@fcc.gov of the Media Bureau, Policy Division, (202) 4182120. For additional information concerning the Paperwork Reduction Act information collection requirements contained in this NPRM, contact Cathy Williams, Federal Communications Commission, 445 12th St, SW., Room 1C823, Washington, DC 20554, or via the Internet to Cathy.Williams@fcc.gov. If you would like to obtain or view a copy of this revised information collection, OMB Control Number 30600980, you may do so by visiting the FCC PRA Web page at: http://www.fcc.gov/omd/pra.
Common CFR Searches
14 CFR Part 39 40 CFR Part 52 14 CFR Part 71 33 CFR Part 165 50 CFR Part 679 26 CFR Part 1 40 CFR Part 180 47 CFR Part 73 50 CFR Part 17 33 CFR Part 117 44 CFR Part 67 50 CFR Part 648 14 CFR Part 97 33 CFR Part 100 40 CFR Part 63 50 CFR Part 622 26 CFR Part 301 39 CFR Part 111 40 CFR Part 300 50 CFR Part 660 44 CFR Part 65 40 CFR Parts 52 and 81 40 CFR Part 271 47 CFR Part 64 50 CFR Part 665 47 CFR Part 76 50 CFR Part 229 14 CFR Part 23 14 CFR Part 25 21 CFR Part 522