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Docket ID: [Docket No. FAA-2007-27268; Directorate Identifier 2006-NM-190-AD]
RIN ID: RIN 2120-AA64
SUBJECT CATEGORY: Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A318, A319, A320, and A321 Airplanes
DOCUMENT SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to adopt a new airworthiness directive (AD)
for all Airbus Model A318, A319, A320, and A321 airplanes. This
proposed AD would require revising the Airworthiness Limitations
section of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness to incorporate
new limitations for fuel tank systems. This proposed AD results from
fuel system reviews conducted by the manufacturer. We are proposing
this AD to prevent the potential of ignition sources inside fuel tanks,
which, in combination with flammable fuel vapors, could result in a fuel tank explosion and consequent loss of the airplane.
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SUMMARY: Airbus,
We invite you to submit any relevant written data, views, or arguments regarding this proposed AD. Send your comments to an address listed in the ADDRESSES section. Include the docket number ``FAA2007 27268; Directorate Identifier 2006NM190AD'' at the beginning of your comments. We specifically invite comments on the overall regulatory, economic, environmental, and energy aspects of the proposed AD. We will consider all comments received by the closing date and may amend the proposed AD in light of those comments.
We will post all comments we receive, without change, to http://dms.dot.gov , including any personal information you provide. We will
also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal contact with FAA
personnel concerning this proposed AD. Using the search function of
that Web site, anyone can find and read the comments in any of our
dockets, including the name of the individual who sent the comment (or
signed the comment on behalf of an association, business, labor union,
etc.). You may review the DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in the
Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 1947778), or you
may visit http://dms.dot.gov. Examining the Docket
You may examine the AD docket on the Internet at http://dms.dot.gov , or in person at the Docket Management Facility office
between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal
holidays. The Docket Management Facility office (telephone (800) 647
5227) is located on the plaza level of the Nassif Building at the DOT
street address stated in the ADDRESSES section. Comments will be
available in the AD docket shortly after the Docket Management System receives them.
The FAA has examined the underlying safety issues involved in fuel tank explosions on several large transport airplanes, including the adequacy of existing regulations, the service history of airplanes subject to those regulations, and existing maintenance practices for fuel tank systems. As a result of those findings, we issued a regulation titled ``Transport Airplane Fuel Tank System Design Review, Flammability Reduction and Maintenance and Inspection Requirements'' (66 FR 23086, May 7, 2001). In addition to new airworthiness standards for transport airplanes and new maintenance requirements, this rule included Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 88 (``SFAR 88,'' Amendment 2178, and subsequent Amendments 2182 and 2183).
Among other actions, SFAR 88 requires certain type design (i.e., type certificate (TC) and supplemental type certificate (STC)) holders to substantiate that their fuel tank systems can prevent ignition sources in the fuel tanks. This requirement applies to type design holders for large turbinepowered transport airplanes and for subsequent modifications to those airplanes. It requires them to perform design reviews and to develop design changes and maintenance procedures if their designs do not meet the new fuel tank safety standards. As explained in the preamble to the rule, we intended to adopt airworthiness directives to mandate any changes found necessary to address unsafe conditions identified as a result of these reviews.
In evaluating these design reviews, we have established four criteria intended to define the unsafe conditions associated with fuel tank systems that require corrective actions. The percentage of operating time during which fuel tanks are exposed to flammable conditions is one of these criteria. The other three criteria address the failure types under evaluation: Single failures, single failures in combination with a latent condition(s), and inservice failure experience. For all four criteria, the evaluations included consideration of previous actions taken that may mitigate the need for further action.
The Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) has issued a regulation that is similar to SFAR 88. (The JAA is an associated body of the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) representing the civil aviation regulatory authorities of a number of European States who have agreed to cooperate in developing and implementing common safety regulatory standards and procedures.) Under this regulation, the JAA stated that all members of the ECAC that hold type certificates for transport category airplanes are required to conduct a design review against explosion risks.
We have determined that the actions identified in this proposed AD are necessary to reduce the potential of ignition sources inside fuel tanks, which, in combination with flammable fuel vapors, could result in fuel tank explosions and consequent loss of the airplane.
The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), which is the Technical Agent for the Member States of the European Community, notified us that an unsafe condition may exist on all Airbus Model A318, A319, A320, and A321 airplanes. The EASA advises that Airbus has issued new fuel airworthiness limitations (FALs) to address failure conditions for which an unacceptable probability of ignition risk could exist if specific tasks or practices or both are not performed in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements. The new FALs are intended to satisfy the JAA's Interim Policy of Fuel Tank Safety and SFAR 88 requirements.
Airbus has issued A318/A319/A320/A321 ALSAirworthiness
Limitations Section, dated February 28, 2006, which is a repository for
standalone documents that are approved independently from each other. The Airbus ALS comprises the following documents:
Airbus ALS Part 5Fuel Airworthiness Limitations, dated February 28, 2006, refers to Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321 Fuel Airworthiness Limitations, Document 95A.1931/05, Issue 1, dated December 19, 2005 (approved by the EASA on March 14, 2006). Section 1, ``Maintenance/ Inspection Tasks,'' of Document 95A.1931/05 describes certain FAL inspections, which are periodic inspections of certain features for latent failures that could contribute to an ignition source. Section 2, ``Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations,'' of Document 95A.1931/05 identifies critical design configuration control limitations (CDCCLs). A CDCCL is a limitation requirement to preserve a critical ignition source prevention feature of the fuel tank system design that is necessary to prevent the occurrence of an unsafe condition. The purpose of a CDCCL is to provide instruction to retain the critical ignition source prevention feature during configuration change that may be caused by alterations, repairs, or maintenance actions. A CDCCL is not a periodic inspection.
Accomplishing the actions specified in the service information is intended to adequately address the unsafe condition. The EASA mandated the service information and issued airworthiness directive 20060203, dated July 11, 2006, to ensure the continued airworthiness of these airplanes in the European Union.
These airplane models are manufactured in France and are type certificated for operation in the United States under the provisions of section 21.29 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 21.29) and the applicable bilateral airworthiness agreement. As described in FAA Order 8100.14A, ``Interim Procedures for Working with the European Community on Airworthiness Certification and Continued Airworthiness,'' dated August 12, 2005, the EASA has kept the FAA informed of the situation described above. We have examined the EASA's findings, evaluated all pertinent information, and determined that we need to issue an AD for airplanes of this type design that are certificated for operation in the United States.
Therefore, we are proposing this AD, which would require revising the Airworthiness Limitations section of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness to incorporate new limitations for fuel tank systems. Costs of Compliance
This proposed AD would affect about 720 airplanes of U.S. registry. The proposed actions would take about 2 work hours per airplane, at an average labor rate of $80 per work hour. Based on these figures, the estimated cost of the proposed AD for U.S. operators is $115,200, or $160 per airplane.
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, Section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
We are issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701, ``General requirements.'' Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.
We have determined that this proposed AD would not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This proposed AD would not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national Government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify that the proposed regulation:
1. Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866;
2. Is not a ``significant rule'' under the DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and
3. Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
We prepared a regulatory evaluation of the estimated costs to comply with this proposed AD and placed it in the AD docket. See the ADDRESSES section for a location to examine the regulatory evaluation. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Safety. The Proposed Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
2. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive (AD):
Airbus: Docket No. FAA200727268; Directorate Identifier 2006NM 190AD.
Comments Due Date
(a) The FAA must receive comments on this AD action by March 26, 2007.
Affected ADs
(b) None.
Applicability
(c) This AD applies to all Airbus Model A318111, 112, 121,
and 122 airplanes; Model A319111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 131,
132, and 133 airplanes; Model A320111, 211, 212, 214, 231,
232, and 233 airplanes; and Model A321111, 112, 131, 211, 212, 213, 231, and 232 airplanes; certificated in any category.
Note 1: This AD requires revisions to certain operator
maintenance documents to include new inspections and critical design
configuration control limitations (CDCCLs). Compliance with the
operator maintenance documents is required by 14 CFR 91.403(c). For
airplanes that have been previously modified, altered, or repaired
in the areas addressed by these inspections and CDCCLs, the operator
may not be able to accomplish inspections and CDCCLs described in
the revisions. In this situation, to comply with 14 CFR 91.403(c),
the operator must request approval for an alternative method of
compliance according to paragraph (i) of this AD. The request should
include a description of changes to the required inspections and
CDCCLs that will preserve the critical ignition source prevention feature of the affected fuel system.
Unsafe Condition
(d) This AD results from fuel system reviews conducted by the
manufacturer. We are issuing this AD to prevent the potential of
ignition sources inside fuel tanks, which, in combination with
flammable fuel vapors, could result in a fuel tank explosion and consequent loss of the airplane.
Compliance
(e) You are responsible for having the actions required by this
AD performed within the compliance times specified, unless the actions have already been done.
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Revise Airworthiness Limitations Section (ALS) To Incorporate Fuel Maintenance and Inspection Tasks
(f) Within 3 months after the effective date of this AD, revise
the ALS of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness to incorporate Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321 ALS Part 5Fuel
Airworthiness Limitations, dated February 28, 2006, as defined in
Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321 Fuel Airworthiness Limitations, Document
95A.1931/05, Issue 1, dated December 19, 2005 (approved by the
European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) on March 14, 2006), Section
1, ``Maintenance/Inspection Tasks.'' For all tasks identified in
Section 1 of Document 95A.1931/05, the initial compliance times
start from the effective date of this AD and must be accomplished
within the repetitive interval specified in Section 1 of Document 95A.1931/05.
Revise ALS To Incorporate CDCCLs
(g) Within 12 months after the effective date of this AD, revise
the ALS of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness to incorporate Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321 ALS Part 5Fuel
Airworthiness Limitations, dated February 28, 2006, as defined in
Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321 Fuel Airworthiness Limitations, Document
95A.1931/05, Issue 1, dated December 19, 2005 (approved by the EASA
on March 14, 2006), Section 2, ``Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations.''
No Alternative Inspections, Inspection Intervals, or CDCCLs
(h) Except as provided by paragraph (i) of this AD: After
accomplishing the actions specified in paragraphs (f) and (g) of
this AD, no alternative inspections, inspection intervals, or CDCCLs may be used.
Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
(i)(1) The Manager, International Branch, ANM116, Transport
Airplane Directorate, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for
this AD, if requested in accordance with the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19.
(2) Before using any AMOC approved in accordance with Sec.
39.19 on any airplane to which the AMOC applies, notify the
appropriate principal inspector in the FAA Flight Standards Certificate Holding District Office.
Related Information
(j) EASA airworthiness directive 20060203, dated July 11, 2006, also addresses the subject of this AD.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on February 7, 2007. Ali Bahrami,
Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. E72977 Filed 22107; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 491013P
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT Tim Dulin, Aerospace Engineer, International Branch, ANM116, FAA, Transport Airplane Directorate, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW., Renton, Washington 980573356; telephone (425) 2272141; fax (425) 2271149.
14 CFR Part 39 40 CFR Part 52 14 CFR Part 71 33 CFR Part 165 50 CFR Part 679 26 CFR Part 1 40 CFR Part 180 47 CFR Part 73 50 CFR Part 17 33 CFR Part 117 44 CFR Part 67 50 CFR Part 648 14 CFR Part 97 33 CFR Part 100 40 CFR Part 63 26 CFR Part 301 50 CFR Part 622 39 CFR Part 111 40 CFR Part 300 44 CFR Part 65 50 CFR Part 660 40 CFR Part 271 40 CFR Parts 52 and 81 47 CFR Part 64 50 CFR Part 665 49 CFR Part 571 44 CFR Part 64 14 CFR Part 23 47 CFR Part 76 50 CFR Part 229