Federal Register: August 11, 2009 (Volume 74, Number 153)
DOCID: fr11au09-30 FR Doc E9-19099
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Industry and Security Bureau
CFR Citation: 15 CFR Parts 742 and 774
Docket ID: [Docket No. 080721866-8871-01]
RIN ID: RIN 0694-AE42
NOTICE: PROPOSED RULES
DOCID: fr11au09-30
DOCUMENT ACTION: Proposed rule.
SUBJECT CATEGORY:
Revisions to the Commerce Control List To Update and Clarify Crime Control License Requirements
DATES: Comments concerning this rule must be received by BIS no later than September 25, 2009.
DOCUMENT SUMMARY:
This proposed rule would update and clarify export and reexport license requirements on striking weapons, restraint devices, shotguns and parts, optical sighting devices, and electric shock devices. It would also add equipment designed for executions to the Commerce Control List. This proposed rule would make no changes to the longstanding policy of denial of applications to export or reexport specially designed implements of torture. The proposed rule would provide additional illustrative examples of such items and would adopt a definition of torture used in a U.S. statute that implements the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. BIS is publishing this rule as part of an ongoing review of crime control license requirements and policy.
SUMMARY:
Revisions to the Commerce Control List to Update and Clarify Crime Control License Requirements
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Background
The Export Administration Regulations (15 CFR parts 730774) impose license requirements for certain exports from the United States and reexports from other countries for, among other reasons, ``crime control.'' The crime control license requirements are intended for the ``support of U.S. foreign policy to promote human rights throughout the world'' (15 CFR 742.7(a)). This rule is part of an effort by BIS to review and, where appropriate, revise the crime control license requirements in the Export Administration Regulations. In connection with this effort, BIS published a notice of inquiry seeking public comments on whether the scope of items and destinations that are subject to crime control license requirements should be changed (73 FR 14769, March 19, 2008). After reviewing the public comments on that notice and conducting its own policy deliberations, BIS plans to proceed with this review in stages.
In the first stage, BIS is publishing this proposed rule, which addresses relatively simple extensions, modifications or removals of items currently on the Commerce Control List or additions to that list of items that have a clearly identified crime control or law enforcement nexus.
In one or more subsequent stages, BIS intends to address more complex Commerce Control List matters such as whether, and, if so, the extent to which biometric measuring devices, integrated data systems, simulators, and communications equipment should be listed on the Commerce Control List; the degree to which software and technology related to commodities on the Commerce Control List should be listed and how such software and technology should be described; and general policy issues such as whether the range of destinations to which crime control license requirements apply should be modified.
Summary of the Changes Proposed
Revisions to Sec. 742.7Crime control. This proposed rule would change the section heading to read ``Crime control and detection'' to reflect the contents of the section. It also would revise paragraph (a) to set forth a license requirement to all destinations for a proposed new ECCN 0A981 that would apply to equipment designed for the execution of human beings. Finally, this rule would revise paragraph (d) to state that in maintaining these controls, the United States considers international norms and the practices of other countries that control exports to promote the observance of human rights; however, the controls are not based on the decisions of any multilateral export control regime and may differ from controls imposed by other countries. This proposed rule would remove language from paragraph (d) that could be read as erroneously implying that the United States is the only country that imposes export controls on crime control and detection items.
Revisions to Sec. 742.11Specially designed implements of
torture. This proposed rule would revise the heading to match the
revised language that this rule applies to ECCN 0A983, i.e. ``Specially
designed implements of torture, including thumbscrews, thumbcuffs,
fingercuffs, spiked batons, shock sleeves and parts and accessories,
n.e.s.'' This proposed rule also would revise paragraph (d) to state
that in maintaining these controls, the United States considers
international norms and the practices of other countries that control
exports to promote the observance of human rights; however, the
controls are not based on the decisions of any multilateral export
control regime and may differ from controls imposed by other countries.
This proposed rule would remove language from paragraph (d) that could
be read as erroneously implying that the United States is the only
country that imposes export controls on specially designed implements
of torture. This proposed rule would make no changes to the policy of
denial of applications to export items subject to Sec. 742.11 or to the prohibition (stated in Sec. 740.2(a)(10) of
[[Page 40118]]
the EAR) on use of license exceptions to export commodities subject to Sec. 742.11 of the EAR.
Revisions to ECCN 0A978Saps. The items covered by this ECCN would be expanded from ``saps'' to ``law enforcement striking weapons.'' Saps, police batons, side handle batons, tonfas, sjamboks and whips would be listed as examples of law enforcement striking weapons. BIS believes that this change would provide consistent license requirements for several items that have substantially similar crime control functions.
Creation of ECCN 0A981Equipment for the Execution of Human Beings. This rule would create a new ECCN 0A981 that would apply to equipment designed for the execution of human beings. Such equipment would require a license to all destinations. BIS is proposing adding this ECCN because equipment designed for the execution of human beings has a clear nexus to crime control and an obvious potential use in repressing human rights.
Revisions to ECCN 0A982Restraint Devices. Several changes would
be made to this ECCN to (a) make clear that it applies to law
enforcement restraint devices, rather than safety or medical equipment,
(b) update the illustrative list of commodities to which this ECCN
applies, and (c) cross reference other ECCNs that apply to similar
devices. These changes are intended to focus the ECCN on items of crime control significance and to reduce the possibility of
misinterpretations.
BIS believes that the proposed revised language would clarify the scope of ECCN 0A982 and is not a substantive change.
Revisions to ECCN 0A983Specially Designed Implements of Torture. This rule would make no changes to the Export Administration Regulations' stated policies of denial of license applications for the export or reexport of specially designed implements of torture and prohibition of use of any license exception to export or reexport specially designed implements of torture.
The heading of ECCN 0A983 would be revised to add the word ``including'' immediately following the phrase ``specially designed implements of torture'' to make clear that the items listed are examples of specially designed implements of torture rather than an exclusive list of such implements. The heading would also be revised to add fingercuffs, spiked batons and shock sleeves to the ECCN as additional examples of specially designed implements of torture. A new note would state that ``torture'' in this ECCN has the same meaning as set forth in 18 U.S.C. 2340(1), which is the definition employed by the United States criminal statute that implements the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. BIS believes that these changes would more clearly distinguish specially designed implements of torture from crime control and detection items.
Revisions to ECCN 0A984Shotguns. This rule would remove the phrase ``parts n.e.s.'' and add the following specific parts for the shotguns controlled by this ECCN: barrels of 18 inches (45.72 cm) or longer but not longer than 24 inches (60.96 cm), receivers, breech mechanisms, complete trigger mechanisms, and magazines or magazine extension tubes. The parts are subject to CC column 1 license requirements. BIS believes that the purposes of the control can be met by retaining the license requirement on the shotguns themselves and on the critical parts set forth in this rule. BIS believes that continuing to require licenses for other parts would pose a burden on legitimate trade in shotgun repair parts that is not needed to achieve the purpose of these controls or of the controls related to the InterAmerican Convention Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Materials.
Revisions to ECCN 0A985Discharge Type Arms. ECCN 0A985 applies to discharge type arms and to some electroshock devices that are not discharge type arms. To provide greater clarity and to include a representative description of devices currently available, this proposed rule would add the phrase ``devices to administer electric shock'' to the heading and would add stun cuffs and shock shields to the illustrative list of items classified under this ECCN. This rule would also add references to the ``Related Controls'' paragraph informing readers that shock sleeves are controlled by ECCN 0A983 and that electronic devices that monitor and report a person's location to enforce restrictions on movement for law enforcement or penal reasons are controlled under ECCN 3A981.
Revisions to ECCN 0A987Optical Sighting Devices for Firearms. This rule would replace the general description in the heading of ECCN 0A987 with a list of items controlled. With this change, the ECCN would clearly state that it applies to specific sighting devices, their associated optical elements, and adjustment mechanisms.
Revisions to ECCN 0E984Technology for shotguns. This rule would modify ECCN 0E984 to apply CC Column 1 as a reason for control of technology for the development and production of all shotguns and shotgun shells controlled by ECCN 0A984. Currently, ECCN 0E984 applies reasons for control that are parallel to the reasons for control in ECCN 0A984, i.e., CC Column 1, 2, or 3 is applied depending on whether the barrel length exceeds 24 inches and whether the enduser is a law enforcement agency. BIS is proposing the change described in this paragraph because it believes that the technology for the development and production of shotguns is substantially the same for all shotguns with barrel length exceeding 18 inches and does not vary based on the end user of the shotgun.
Revisions to ECCN 3A981Polygraphs and other electronic devices.
This proposed rule would add a cross reference to the restraint devices
controlled by ECCN 0A982. This proposed rule would also add a note
expressly stating that the electronic monitoring restraint devices in
ECCN 3A981 are devices that monitor or report the location of confined
persons for law enforcement or penal reasons. The note would exclude
devices used to confine memory impaired patients to appropriate medical
facilities. BIS views these proposed changes in wording as clarifications rather than substantive changes.
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Request for Comments
BIS is seeking public comments on this rule and will consider all comments received on or before September 25, 2009 in developing any final rule. Comments received after that date will be considered if feasible, but their consideration cannot be assured. All public comments on this rule must be in writing (including electronic postings on regulations.gov or email) and will be a matter of public record, available for public inspection and copying.
Rulemaking Requirements
1. This rule is a significant rule for purposes of Executive Order 12866.
2. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person is required to respond to nor be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with a collection of information, subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) (PRA), unless that collection of information displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Control Number. This rule involves a collection of information that has been approved by OMB under control number 06940088, which carries a burden hour estimate of 58 minutes to prepare and submit form BIS748P. Miscellaneous and recordkeeping activities account for 12 minutes per submission. BIS believes that the changes proposed will increase the number of submissions subject to this collection by approximately 1,200 annually. Send comments regarding these burden estimates or any other aspect of these collections of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Jasmeet Seehra, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), by e mail to jseehra@omb.eop.gov, or by fax to (202) 3957285; and to the Regulatory Policy Division, Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of Commerce, Room 2705, 14th Street and Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20230.
3. This rule does not contain policies with Federalism implications as this term is defined in Executive Order 13132.
4. The provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C.
553) requiring notice of proposed rulemaking, the opportunity for
public participation, and a delay in effective date, are inapplicable
because this regulation involves a military or foreign affairs function
of the United States (see 5 U.S.C. 553(a)(1)). Further, no other law
requires that a notice of proposed rulemaking and an opportunity for
public comment be given for this rule. Because a notice of proposed
rulemaking and an opportunity for public comment are not required to be
given for this rule by 5 U.S.C. 553, or by any other law, the
analytical requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601
et. seq.) are not applicable. However, to obtain the benefit of a
variety of viewpoints, BIS is issuing this rule as a proposed rule with a request for comments.
List of Subjects
15 CFR Part 742
Exports, Terrorism.
15 CFR Part 774
Exports, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
Accordingly, BIS proposes to amend the Export Administration Regulations (15 CFR parts 730774) as follows:
PART 742[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 742 is revised to read as follows:
Authority: 50 U.S.C. app. 2401 et seq; Pub. L. 106508; 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq; E.O. 13222, 66 FR 44025, 3 CFR, 2001 Comp., p. 783; Notice of July 23, 2008, 73 FR 43603 (July 25, 2008).
2. In Sec. 742.7, revise the heading, redesignate existing
paragraph (a)(5) as paragraph (a)(6), add a new paragraph (a)(5) and revise paragraph (d) to read as follows:
Sec. 742.7 Crime control and detection.
(a) * * *
(5) Items designed for the execution of human beings as identified
in ECCN 0A981 require a license to all destinations including Canada. * * * * *
(d) U.S. controls. In maintaining its controls on crime control and
detection items, the United States considers international norms
regarding human rights and the practices of other countries that
control exports to promote the observance of human rights. However,
these controls are not based on the decisions of any multinational
export control regime and may differ from controls imposed by other countries.
3. In Sec. 742.11, revise the heading and paragraph (d) to read as follows:
Sec. 742.11 Specially designed implements of torture, including
thumbscrews, thumbcuffs, fingercuffs, spiked batons, shock sleeves, and parts and accessories, n.e.s.
* * * * *
(d) U.S. controls. In maintaining its controls on specially
designed instruments of torture the United States considers
international norms regarding human rights and the practices of other
countries that control exports to promote the observance of human
rights. However, these controls are not based on the decisions of any
multinational export control regime and may differ from controls imposed by other countries.
PART 774[AMENDED]
4. The authority citation for part 774 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 50 U.S.C. app. 2401 et seq.; 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.; 10 U.S.C. 7420; 10 U.S.C. 7430(e); 22 U.S.C. 287c, 22 U.S.C. 3201 et seq., 22 U.S.C. 6004; 30 U.S.C. 185(s), 185(u); 42 U.S.C. 2139a; 42 U.S.C. 6212; 43 U.S.C. 1354; 46 U.S.C. app. 466c; 50 U.S.C. app. 5; 22 U.S.C. 7201 et seq.; 22 U.S.C. 7210; E.O. 13026, 61 FR 58767, 3 CFR, 1996 Comp., p. 228; E.O. 13222, 66 FR 44025, 3 CFR, 2001 Comp., p. 783; Notice of July 23, 2008, 73 FR 43603 (July 25, 2008).
5. In Supplement No. 1 to part 774, Category 0, revise the heading of Export Control Classification (ECCN) 0A978 to read as follows: 0A978 Law enforcement striking weapons, including saps, police batons, side handle batons, tonfas, sjamboks, and whips.
* * * * *
6. In Supplement No. 1 to part 774, Category 0, add a new ECCN
0A981 immediately following ECCN 0A980 and immediately preceding ECCN 0A982 to read as follows:
0A981 Equipment designed for the execution of human beings (See list of items controlled).
License Requirements
Reason for Control: CC.
Control(s): CC applies to entire entry. A license is required for all destinations regardless of enduse. Accordingly, a column specific to this control does not appear on the Commerce Country Chart. (See Sec. 742.7 of the EAR for additional information.) License Exceptions
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
Chantal Lakatos, Office of Non-
proliferation and Treaty Compliance, Bureau of Industry and Security, telephone: 2024821739; fax: 2024824145; email:
clakatos@bis.doc.gov.